Author: Brinda Rai

Abstract: Intellectual ability is undoubtedly an important factor in predicting teacher’s success. However, just possessing high level of intelligence, high academic and educational qualifications are not entirely indicative of the teacher’s success in teaching profession. Rather, skills and teaching effectiveness are essential ingredients to be professional teacher. A teacher’s effectiveness in 21st century according to UNESCO (2008) is that an effective teacher should have firm knowledge of the curriculum of his/her subject and to use technology into the curriculum. Teaching effectiveness refers to the knowledge, attitude, skills and self-perception that come from by mixing these behaviors and resulting in consistent pattern of behavior leading to the attainment of expected outcomes. The objectives of the study were to study teaching effectiveness of teacher educators in relation to gender, subjects, educational qualification and teaching experience variations. Normative survey method was used for the study. A random sample of 100 teachers had been selected out of the total population using lottery system. The 100 samples taken for the study had been stratified under gender, teaching subject, educational qualification and teaching experience. To measure the teaching effectiveness of teacher educators, tool developed by Mohapatra (1988) had been used for data collection. The findings of the study were that there was significant difference in teaching effectiveness in relation to gender variation and teaching experience but non-significant difference in teaching effectiveness of teacher educators teaching science and nonscience subjects, teacher educators who had B.Ed. General and B.Ed. secondary educational qualification.

Keywords: Teaching Effectiveness, Teaching Profession, Intellectual Ability.

Page No: 1-9

Author: Madhurima Pradhan & Dr. Abha Kumari

Abstract: Understanding the food choices of children is essential for promoting lifelong healthy eating habits and addressing rising concerns related to childhood nutrition. This study, titled “Understanding Food Choices in Childhood: A Study of School-Going Children’s Preferences”, explores the dietary preferences and influencing factors among children aged 10–14 years. Using a sample of 100 students, the research analyzes their inclination toward various food categories— such as fast foods, fruits, vegetables, dairy, and processed snacks— while also examining the role of parental behavior, socio-economic status, media exposure, and school environment. The data reveals that parental influence on children’s food preferences is multifaceted, combining both positive and negative practices. The data shows that food preferences in children are shaped by a complex interplay of external and internal factors, with media influence and socio-economic status being the most significant. The study suggests a positive trend, indicating that parental modeling of healthy eating habits may influence children’s choices. The study underscores the need for collaborative efforts between parents, educators, and policymakers to instill healthy food habits early in life. Strengthening nutritional education, regulating food marketing to children, and ensuring access to wholesome foods are critical steps toward improving child health outcomes.

Keywords: Food Preferences, Childhood Nutrition, Parental Influence, School Environment, Media Exposure, Socio-Economic Factors.

Page No: 10-17

Author: Dr. K. Jayaraman & Dr. V. Jeevanantham

Abstract: E-Learning is an instructional approaches that uses electronic resources to deliver education. It allows knowledge and skills to be transmitted to multiple learners simultaneously at different time. The present research aims to study the penetration of e-learning among B.Ed. Teacher trainees. The sample of the study was selected by the Stratified Random Sampling method which included 200 (60 Male and 140 Female) from the Tiruchirappalli district. The sample was selected by the Stratified Random sampling method. A tool used for the research was the penetration learning, by an investigator. Research finding reveals that 68.7% of them have moderate. Results also revealed that there is a significant difference between rural and urban B.Ed. teacher trainees in their penetration of e-learning. There is a significant difference between art and science B.Ed. Teacher trainees in their penetration of e-learning for the group.

Keywords: E-Learning, Penetration and B.Ed., Teacher Trainees.

Page No: 18-25

Author: Mr. Kedar Kumar Barik & Professor Devendra Nath Behera

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the interrelationships among selected general motor ability and physiological variables using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. A sample of 60 individuals was assessed for variables including speed, muscular strength, agility, explosive power, and cardiovascular endurance, as well as anaerobic power, vital capacity, resting heart rate, and breath-holding capacity. The findings highlight significant associations between several pairs of variables, indicating complex interdependence. The results contribute to understanding how physical capacities are functionally related, which has important implications for athletic training, health diagnostics, and physical education.

Keywords: General Motor Ability, Physiological Variables, Adults, Inter-Relationships.

Page No: 26-31

Author: Martha Darlong & Dr. Silali Banerjee

Abstract: Family Involvement with Children with Special Needs (CWSNs) has a positive impact where it will lead to improve development of the child. It will Increased self- confidence for the child, and support within the family unit by providing a nurturing environment, active participation in education, and contribute the needs to the child’s well- being and success. Active family involvement and acceptance can reduce stress for the child. However, it can also present challenges related to financial strain and the need for additional support services.

Current population of the CWSNs is 160 in the lab. So, 30 mother of CWSNs participated in the survey.

This research tries to focus the impact on family involvement with children with special needs in the lab.

Keywords: Children with Special Needs (CWSNs), Family Involvement (FI).

Page No: 32-36

Author: Arun Kumar Das & Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul

Abstract: Blended learning is a combination of online and in-person instruction where the online component essentially replaces rather than enhances face-to-face interaction time. In terms of content and delivery, in person classroom practices are integrated with computer-mediated activities, even if students still attend traditional classrooms with teachers present. Additionally, it is employed in training and professional development environments. It is challenging to have a general understanding of blended learning because it is so context dependent. By combining best practices from both formats, the blended learning approach improves learning experiences and knowledge retention without undervaluing the advantages of in-person instruction from a teacher. In blended learning, students have some discretion over time, location, path, and pace, but both teachers and students must be physically present. Now-a-days, “blended learning” has become very popular in today’s tech-dominated society, particularly among parents, educators, and students in general. Students’ learning experiences are more effective overall because to this teaching strategy. The education sector has been greatly impacted by the quick development of digital technology and its application in practically every industry, which has raised demand for digital teaching methods globally.

Keywords: Blended Learning, Teachers, Effectives, Factors, Course Design.

Page No: 37-45

Author: Ms. Hamtha Biki Darlong & Dr. Silali Banerjee

Abstract: Success can be achieved only through hard work, determination and dedication. As one of the greatest Indian leader Jawaharlal Nehru quoted “FAILURE COMES ONLY WHEN WE FORGET OUR IDEALS, OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES”, it is important to stay true to one’s goal and vision even when an obstacle arises in the journey to success.

This research highlights an inspiring journey of an individual from defeating challenges to a remarkable success. It aims to inspire and encourage the people by also shedding lights on Tripura’s educational development taking place in the present time. It will showcase about a girl from Tripura with differently-able achieving success despite difficulties and hardships faced by her and learning from setbacks through her strong will and perseverance in accomplishing her goal.

She was born on 15/03/2000 and was diagnose as Achondroplasia with (BK) clabfoot with dwarfism, which is a case of LOCOMOTOR DISABILITY. She has completed her high school in Ramesh H.S School, Udaipur securing 88% in her matriculation result in the year 2017 and has successfully completed her UnderGraduate BSC in Mathematics (honours) at Netaji Subhas Mahavidyala, Udaipur 2021. Presently serving in the position of a Panchayat Executive Officer in Tripura 2025 and aspire to become a TRIPURA CIVIL SERVICE OFFICER hereafter.

It was interesting to perform this research as it is a rare case in a state like Tripura which also results in a research gap. It will not be wrong to say that such a study and investigation is a necessity for the upcoming generation to read and informed. The entire purpose of this study is to use her as a role model for other people by emphasizing on the unseen forces that leads to an overwhelming success in her mission.

The title of the research is SUCCESS STORY OF A PERSON WITH DIFFERENTLY-ABLE IN TRIPURA: A SINGLE CASE STUDY.

Keywords: Achondroplasia, Disability, Locomotor Disability, Dwarfism, Physically Handicapped.

Page No: 46-53

Author: Arfi Anjoon

Abstract: The perspectives of various socio-economic and demographic groups are the main subject of this study, which examines the connection between education and women’s economic empowerment. APL (above poverty line) and BPL (below poverty line) households, males and females, general and other social categories, and rural and urban households are among the groups whose attitudes regarding the influence of education on women’s economic empowerment are to be identified. Examining the connection between women’s economic empowerment and education is another goal of the study. Hypotheses were developed to direct the inquiry, suggesting that there were no notable distinctions or connections between the groups under study. This study commented that education is essential for improving women’s financial security and the advancement of society as a whole. In order to create more inclusive educational and empowerment programs for women from a variety of social backgrounds, legislators, educators, and social reformers are anticipated to find great value in the findings.

Keywords: Education, Economic Empowerment, Autonomy, Financial Security, Decision Making.

Page No: 54-59

Author: Prasenjit Bera & Dr. Koomkoom Khawas

Abstract: A new category of nucleophilic aromatic substitutions, short for “conducted” SNAr instead of the more conventional “two-step” SNAr processes, has recently emerged as a result of advances in computational and experimental chemistry. In contrast to conventional SNAr reactions, which need substitutions that remove electrons, which greatly stimulate aromatic ring, concerted routes do not necessitate such groups. Organic chemistry revolves on substitution processes using aromatic rings. Some more processes that are regularly found include electrophilic aromatic substitution, SNAr nucleophilic aromatic substitution, SNArH, and vicarious nucleophilic, which are separate yet similar. The traditional stepwise method was considered the common mechanism for aromatic nucleophilic substitutions, whereas concerted nucleophilic substitutions were very unusual.

Keywords: Nucleophilic, Aromatic, Substitution, Reactions, and Sulfur.

Page No: 60-69

Author: Dr. Rayan Das & Dr. Koomkoom Khawas

Abstract: Cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, has been widely applied in agriculture and domestic pest control. The present study was conducted to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of Cypermethrin on the estrous cycle of female mice (Musmusculus). Mice were divided into four groups: control, low dose (1.38 mg/kg), medium dose (2.76 mg/kg), and high dose (5.52 mg/kg), and were administered the compound orally for 15 days. Vaginal smears were collected daily to identify estrous cycle stages. Results indicated that control mice exhibited regular cycling, while low-dose mice displayed slight delays in phase transitions. Medium-dose mice showed prolonged diestrus phases and reduced frequency of estrus. High-dose mice presented severe irregularities, with extended diestrus and near absence of estrus. One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc analysis confirmed significant differences between control and treated groups, particularly at medium and high doses. It was concluded that Cypermethrin altered reproductive function in a dose-dependent manner, emphasizing its potential reproductive toxicity

Keywords: Cypermethrin, Estrous Cycle, Dose-Dependent Effect, Female Mice, Reproductive Toxicology.

Page No: 70-77

Author: Dr. Santanu Biswas

Abstract: Eco-literacy had been increasingly recognized as a vital educational component for fostering environmental responsibility and climate action. This study had examined how eco-literacy had been integrated into school curricula at both global and national levels, with a focus on India as a case study. A mixed-methods design had been adopted, utilizing curriculum documents, policy reports, and academic literature to assess the presence and depth of eco-literacy components. Global programs such as the Eco-Schools and GLOBE Program had been found to enhance experiential and participatory learning, aligning with UNESCO’s Education for Sustainable Development framework. In India, eco-literacy had been strongly embedded in primary-level education through dedicated Environmental Studies but had shown a marked decline in secondary levels. Comparative analysis had revealed strengths in early exposure and activity-based pedagogy, yet highlighted barriers including inadequate teacher training, unequal resource distribution, and exam-focused learning. The findings had indicated that sustained eco-literacy required curriculum continuity, policy support, and community engagement to ensure alignment with climate action goals

Keywords: Eco-Literacy, Climate Change Education, Environmental Education, Curriculum Integration, Education For Sustainable Development, Participatory Learning, Policy Alignment.

Page No: 78-86

Author: Dr. Pankaj Kumar Mandal

Abstract: In recent years, gender roles in Indian society have been changing rapidly due to social, economic, and cultural shifts. Traditionally, men were seen as breadwinners and women as homemakers, but this pattern is no longer fixed. With better access to education, employment, and technology, women are stepping into roles that were once considered male-dominated, such as leadership, business, and politics. At the same time, men are becoming more involved in household duties and child care, showing a shift toward shared responsibilities. This study explores how these changes are happening in contemporary India. It looks at the influence of globalization, media, urbanization, and legal reforms in shaping new ideas about gender. The study also highlights how younger generations are questioning old stereotypes and choosing more equal partnerships in marriage, work, and family life. However, the change is not the same everywhere. In many rural areas and conservative communities, traditional gender roles remain strong, and women often face restrictions in education, mobility, and decision-making. Using secondary data such as research articles, reports, and case studies, this paper shows both progress and challenges in the journey toward gender equality. It emphasizes the importance of awareness, education, and supportive policies to help people move beyond rigid gender roles. The study concludes that while Indian society is changing, true equality will require continuous efforts from individuals, families, institutions, and the government. Understanding these dynamics is important for building a more inclusive and respectful society.

Keywords: Gender Roles, Indian Society, Gender Equality, Women Empowerment, Social Change, Contemporary India, Stereotypes, Shared Responsibilities, Education, Urbanization.

Page No: 87-93

Author: Amit Kumar Paswan

Abstract: Netaji, also known as Subhas Chandra Bose, was a powerful contrast to the largely peaceful fight for Indian independence. He is one of the movement’s most nuanced and important personalities because of his continuous commitment to inclusive nationalism, socialist principles, and strong resistance. Subhas Ch. Bose remains one of the most influential and enigmatic figures in India’s struggle for independence. His socio-political contributions—ranging from ideological opposition to colonialism, leadership within and outside the Indian National Congress, to founding the Indian National Army—present a revolutionary counter-narrative to the predominantly non-violent freedom movement. This article critically examines Bose’s contributions in social and political spheres and evaluates his lasting legacy in the annals of Indian history. One of the most active and unorthodox leaders in India’s freedom movement was Subhas Chandra Bose. This study examines his socio political accomplishments, highlighting his ideological differences from Mahatma Gandhi’s mainstream nationalist movements. Bose promoted a vision of India based on social justice, industrial development, and inclusive governance while promoting militant nationalism, socialism, and secularism. A major change in anti-colonial resistance can be seen in his creation of the Indian National Army (INA), the Provisional Government of Azad Hind, and initiatives to internationalize India’s independence movement. Bose dismantled established social structures and inspired a varied populace with programs like the Rani of Jhansi Regiment and support for intercommunal harmony. Bose’s support of the Axis powers during World War II was controversial, but his efforts had a long-lasting psychological and political impact, particularly on the latter stage of the British evacuation. His legacy is re-examined in this work, which emphasizes his function as a revolutionary nationalist whose tactics enhanced and broadened the Indian independence cause.

Keywords: Communal, Nationalism, Socialism, Provincial Government, India’s Independence.

Page No: 94-98

Author: Anil Bera

Abstract: Social education—an umbrella term encompassing civic education, values education, environmental education, social and emotional learning (SEL), and community-based learning—plays a pivotal role in shaping attitudes, skills, and behaviours that underpin sustainable development and human welfare. This research article synthesises theoretical perspectives, conceptual links, pedagogical mechanisms, and policy implications to demonstrate how social education contributes to economic, social and environmental sustainability. It reviews pathways through which curricula, school culture, out-ofschool programmes and community partnerships produce individuallevel competencies (critical thinking, empathy, civic responsibility), group-level capacities (social cohesion, collective action) and system-level outcomes (inclusive governance, resource stewardship). The paper discusses empirical evidence from cross-disciplinary literatures, highlights barriers and trade-offs, and proposes a multi-scalar research and policy agenda for integrating social education with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Practical recommendations for educators, policymakers, and civil society are offered, together with directions for future research.

Keywords: Social Education, Sustainable Development, Human Welfare, Civic Education, Environmental Education, Social-Emotional Learning, SDGs.

Page No: 99-105

Author: Rahul Paik

Abstract: Small indigenous freshwater fishes (SIFFs) formed a vital component of West Bengal’s inland aquatic biodiversity and rural livelihoods. Yet SIFFs had been exposed to multiple, interacting threats—habitat loss and fragmentation, hydrological modification, pollution and eutrophication, overexploitation, invasive species, and climate change—that had reduced population sizes, local abundances, and distributions across many districts. This article synthesized available information on SIFF conservation status in West Bengal, assessed primary threats at basin and district scales, and proposed priority measures for monitoring, conservation and sustainable use. Drawing on regional inventories, targeted surveys, national and global syntheses of freshwater threats, and conservation frameworks, we showed that floodplain wetlands, oxbows and less-disturbed tributaries consistently supported the highest SIFF richness and hosted many taxa of conservation concern, while urbanized and heavily modified reaches exhibited depauperate, simplified communities dominated by tolerant generalists. Priority actions included (1) legal and on-ground protection of floodplain wetlands and perennial tributaries, (2) restoration of riparian buffers and floodplain connectivity, (3) community-based co-management and livelihood alternatives, (4) species-level assessments using integrative taxonomy and eDNA methods, and (5) development of a state-level monitoring framework linked to national biodiversity and fisheries policies. The recommendations were intended to guide managers, researchers, and policymakers to stem further declines and to secure the ecological and socio-economic benefits SIFFs provided

Keywords: Small Indigenous Freshwater Fishes, West Bengal, Conservation Status, Threats Assessment, Wetlands, Floodplain Connectivity, eDNA, Community Management.

Page No: 106-116

Author: Soma Jash

Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between teacher beliefs and instructional choices in secondary English classrooms across two Midnapore districts in West Bengal, India. Employing a comparative mixed-methods design, data were collected from 40 teachers through a Teacher Beliefs Questionnaire (TBQ), structured classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative findings indicate that teachers in Paschim Medinipur exhibited stronger beliefs in communicative and student-centered approaches, which corresponded with higher implementation of interactive methods, group work, and technology integration. In contrast, teachers in Purba Medinipur showed a reliance on grammar-translation and lecturebased instruction, despite expressing favourable beliefs toward communicative teaching. Qualitative analysis revealed contextual constraints—including large class sizes, limited resources, and exam-oriented pressures—that mediated the enactment of teacher beliefs, particularly in Purba. Correlation analysis demonstrated a strong positive relationship between belief in communicative methods and instructional practice (r = 0.72, p < 0.01). The study underscores the importance of contextual support, professional development, and resource availability in bridging the belief–practice gap and promoting effective English language teaching. The findings have implications for educational policy, teacher training programs, and curriculum design in semi-urban and rural contexts.

Keywords: Teacher Beliefs, Instructional Choices, English Language Teaching, Secondary Education, Comparative Study, West Bengal, Pedagogical Practice, Mixed-Methods Research.

Page No: 117-127

Author: Mousumi Biswas

Abstract: The Partition of Bengal in 1947 was not only a political rupture but also a deeply gendered crisis that redefined the lives of women across diverse social strata. This study examines the socio-political challenges faced by women during this turbulent period, highlighting the experiences of displacement, communal violence, loss of identity, and survival in both rural and urban Bengal. The research analyzes how women from upper-caste, middle-class, tribal, and marginalized communities negotiated Partition differently, thereby uncovering classbased hierarchies in trauma and resilience. Further, it explores women’s representation in literature, media, and oral histories, revealing how their voices were alternately silenced or preserved in memoirs, folk narratives, and cultural artifacts. Drawing on archival material, personal letters, and survivor testimonies, the study emphasizes that women were not merely passive victims but active agents of endurance and transformation in the face of historical upheaval. The findings underscore the need to view Partition not only as a political realignment but also as a lived experience that reconfigured gender relations, memory, and cultural identity in Bengal.

Keywords: Partition of Bengal, 1947, Women’s Experiences, Displacement, Socio-Political Challenges, Communal Violence, Oral Histories, Literature, Media Representation, Gendered Trauma, Resilience.

Page No: 128-140

Author: Srikrishna Jana

Abstract: Educational inequality remains one of the most enduring social challenges in India, reflecting deep-seated historical, socio-economic, and cultural disparities. Among the most affected are tribal students, whose educational trajectories continue to be shaped by marginalization, poverty, linguistic barriers, and systemic neglect. This article presents a comprehensive conceptual reflection on educational inequality from the perspective of tribal students, exploring its structural, psychological, and pedagogical dimensions. Drawing upon theories of social stratification, cultural reproduction, and educational equity, the paper examines how unequal access to resources, curriculum alienation, and inadequate institutional support perpetuate academic exclusion. It also highlights the resilience, agency, and aspirations of tribal learners who negotiate these inequalities through culturally grounded strategies. Finally, the paper proposes inclusive frameworks emphasizing culturally responsive pedagogy, socio-economic empowerment, and participatory policy interventions aimed at bridging the gap between tribal students and mainstream education.

Keywords: Educational Inequality, Tribal Education, Cultural Marginalization, Social Justice, Inclusive Pedagogy.

Page No: 141-147

Author: Dr. Ratan Kumar Das

Abstract: Emotional maturity is a process in which the personality is continuously striving for greater sense of emotional health, both intrapsychically and intra-personality. The characteristics of an emotionally mature are hetero-sexuality, appreciation of attitude and behavior of others, tendency to adopt the attitudes and habits of others and capacity to delay his own responses. Therefore, the emotionally mature is not one who necessarily has resolved all conditions that aroused anxiety and hostility but it is continuously in process of seeing himself in clear perspective, continually involved in a struggle to gain healthy integration of feeling, thinking action. The objective of the study was to study the emotional maturity of higher secondary school students in relation to gender and type of family variation in total and component wise variations. Normative survey method was adopted. A sample of 100 students from 4 schools of Tripura was selected by simple random sampling procedure. Emotional Maturity Scale (EMS-SB) developed by Singh and Bharagava (2005) was used for data collection. Findings of the studywere that most of the students are emotionally immature and there is difference in emotional maturity in terms of type of family variation.

Keywords: Emotional Maturity, Emotional Stability, Emotional Independence.

Page No: 148-158

Author: Subham Das

Abstract: The cultivation of productive study habits remains a cornerstone of academic success and lifelong learning. While intelligence and motivation are traditionally emphasized as determinants of academic achievement, recent research highlights the critical role of metacognitive strategies—the ability to plan, monitor, and evaluate one’s own learning processes. This article presents a comprehensive conceptual and analytical exploration of how metacognitive awareness fosters effective study habits, leading to enhanced learning outcomes. Drawing from cognitive psychology, educational theory, and empirical findings, the paper examines the interrelation between metacognition, self-regulated learning, and study habit formation. It further discusses instructional interventions, pedagogical frameworks, and environmental supports that facilitate the development of metacognitive competencies among learners. The analysis concludes by emphasizing that productive study habits are not innate abilities but cultivated practices shaped through reflective engagement, strategic learning, and adaptive regulation of cognitive and motivational processes.

Keywords: Metacognition, Study Habits, Self-Regulated Learning, Academic Achievement, Learning Strategies.

Page No: 159-165

Author: Santanu Panda

Abstract: The present study explores the Importance of Family Climate in the Development of Children, emphasizing the intricate relationship between the home environment and a child’s overall growth. In the context of rapid socio-economic changes, technological progress, and evolving family structures, understanding the role of family climate has become increasingly crucial. Drawing on multidisciplinary perspectives from psychology, sociology, education, and child development, the study incorporates Moos and Moos’s (1986) threedimensional framework—relationship, personal growth, and system maintenance—to provide both conceptual clarity and empirical insight. The research highlights how a positive family climate fosters emotional security, resilience, social competence, and academic success, while a negative climate may lead to emotional instability, poor performance, and maladaptive behaviors. The study holds practical implications for parents, educators, counselors, and policymakers by offering strategies to strengthen family–child relationships, mitigate risk factors such as work–family conflict, and develop early interventions. Ultimately, this work serves as a valuable guide for fostering supportive home environments that promote holistic child development.

Keywords: Family Climate, Child Development, Emotional Security, Parenting Practices, Holistic Growth.

Page No: 166-172

Author: Satyapal Kumar

Abstract: This paper develops a theoretical framework for integrating fuzzy optimization with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques. Classical optimization assumes precise and deterministic parameters, which rarely exist in real-world decision environments. Fuzzy set theory, introduced by Zadeh in 1965[41], enables the modeling of vagueness and linguistic imprecision. By embedding fuzzy concepts into established MCDM methods such as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and Elimination and Choice Expressing Reality (ELECTRE), decision-makers can address ambiguity and uncertainty effectively. The paper explores fuzzy extensions of AHP and TOPSIS, outlines membership functions (triangular, trapezoidal), and introduces fuzzy goal programming. Research gaps are highlighted, including limited hybridization with artificial intelligence techniques and inadequate large-scale validations. The proposed framework contributes to the theory of decision sciences by providing a systematic pathway for hybrid fuzzy optimization models applicable to diverse fields.

Keywords: Fuzzy Optimization, Multi-Criteria Decision Making, AHP, TOPSIS, ELECTRE, Membership Functions

Page No: 173-188

Author: Sukamal Biswas

Abstract: Globally, educational systems are influenced by both the governmental systems that oversee them and pedagogical considerations. This study looks at how power dynamics and governance structures affect the creation, application, and reform of educational policies. The study emphasizes how political ideologies, institutional frameworks, and decision-making processes influence policy results by drawing on concepts from political science, public administration, and education policy research. The results show that curriculum development, accountability systems, reform agendas, and resource allocation are all heavily influenced by political interests. To guarantee fair and efficient educational systems, the research emphasizes the necessity of open governance, depoliticized decision-making, and participatory policy procedures.

Keywords: Educational System, Governmental Systems, Educational Policies, Policymakers, Decision Making.

Page No: 189-193

Author: Dr. Sujit Sarkar

Abstract: Higher education is changing along with socioeconomic structures as a result of globalization. The need to reconsider geography courses in order to better prepare students for a globalized world has gained more attention. The prospects of internationalizing geography curricula, the difficulties involved in this change, and specific institutional and pedagogical experiences are all examined in this research. The study makes the case that globalizing the geography curriculum has great potential to promote global competency, interdisciplinary thinking, and sustainability consciousness by drawing on literature from curriculum studies, geography education, and higher education internationalization. But there are also conflicts. between local relevance and universal/global content, faculty capacity, assessment procedures, funding limitations, and the danger of cultural or epistemological uniformity. The paper shows how universities have managed these conflicts in practice through case studies (from Europe, Asia, and other locations) and empirical research on blended learning, fieldwork, and multidisciplinary. Lastly, it suggests methods for putting into practice a globalized geography curriculum that honours regional settings while educating students for global issues.

Keywords: Socioeconomic Structures, Globalization, Geography Curriculum, Interdisciplinary, internationalization.

Page No: 194-198

Author: Ujjwal Mistry

Abstract: Workplace ethics and professional responsibility are crucial elements in modern business organizations. Ethical conduct directs employee behavior toward honesty, fairness, transparency, and respect, while professional responsibility ensures accountability in performing duties. With increasing globalization, technological advancement, and stakeholder expectations, businesses face new ethical challenges. This article examines the meaning, principles, theoretical foundation, significance, determinants, challenges, case insights, and strategies for strengthening workplace ethics and responsibility. The study concludes that ethical culture leads to sustainable performance and long-term stakeholder trust, and recommends specific interventions to enhance responsible practices across industries.

Keywords: Ethics, Professional Responsibility, Corporate Governance, Accountability, Organizational Culture, Business Sustainability.

Page No: 199-205

Author: Dr. Sathyadevan Sen

Abstract: Physical Education (PE) plays an essential role in promoting fitness, skill development, and a healthy lifestyle among youth. However, students’ attitudes largely determine their engagement and participation in PE activities. This study aims to assess the attitude of college students toward physical education and identify key factors influencing their perceptions. A descriptive survey method was employed among 200 students from different colleges. A standardized attitude scale was used for data collection. Results revealed that most students showed a favorable attitude toward PE, particularly regarding health benefits and stress reduction, but some expressed concern about limited facilities, lack of motivation, and academic workload. The study highlights the need for improved infrastructure, innovative teaching methods, and increased awareness programs to enhance student participation.

Keywords: Physical Education, Attitude, College Students, Sports Participation, Health and Fitness.

Page No: 206-211

Author: Dr. Sristidhar Bera

Abstract: The present study tries to examine the attitudinal differences of Xth grade students towards women empowerment of Salboni block, Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal. Main purpose of this empirical study is to know the impact of education on women empowerment. Self prepared Bengali version questionnaire consisting 31 items was selected. Each item of this questionnaire with three alternatives (like always, sometimes and never) was employed. Only 60 families were assigned to collect data. Purposive sampling procedure was used. For analysing the data descriptive statistical techniques like SD, t- test were used. Result of this study shows that APL and BPL general and others, rural and urban Xth grade secondary students have significant difference towards women empowerment but male and female xth grade students have no significant attitudinal difference exists between them. The study revealed that women education and financial support help the access the power to women in every sphere of their life.

Keywords: Women Education, Empowerment, Financial Support, Autonomy.

Page No: 212-219

Author: Shampa Pal

Abstract: Parental involvement in education is a crucial determinant of a child’s academic achievement, social development, and overall well-being. This study explores the multifaceted nature of parental engagement, investigating how active participation, emotional support, and academic guidance from parents influence students’ educational outcomes. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks such as Epstein’s Model of Parental Involvement and Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, this research analyzes existing literature and empirical findings to highlight the mechanisms through which parents shape academic success. The study emphasizes that parental involvement extends beyond academic monitoring to include emotional, motivational, and behavioral support, contributing significantly to students’ self-efficacy, motivation, and resilience. Implications for educators, policymakers, and families are discussed, alongside recommendations for fostering meaningful collaboration between schools and parents.

Keywords: Parental Involvement, Academic Achievement, Educational Success, Family Engagement, Student Motivation, Home-School Partnership.

Page No: 220-226

Author: Dr. Moumita Mitra

Abstract: The family is universally acknowledged as the primary social unit that shapes the early developmental trajectory of every individual. As the first environment a child encounters, the family serves not only as a source of biological sustenance but also as a socio-cultural and emotional ecosystem that profoundly influences psychological growth and social competence. From birth through adolescence, children rely on their families for protection, affection, guidance, and social learning. A psycho-social perspective emphasizes that child development is not merely a biological process but an outcome of constant interaction between internal psychological mechanisms and external social influences. This research article examines the multidimensional dynamics of family environment—parental behavior, emotional climate, communication styles, socio-economic status, cultural values, mental health, and family structure—and evaluates their impact on various aspects of child development, including emotional regulation, cognitive growth, social behavior, moral reasoning, and personality formation. The discussion integrates classical theories, contemporary research findings, and emerging global challenges such as digital influence, work-life imbalance, and socio-economic pressures. It concludes by offering policy recommendations, intervention strategies, and directions for further research, reaffirming the vital role of family in ensuring holistic child development.

Keywords: Family Environment, Child Development, Psycho-Social Factors, Emotional Climate, Parental Influence.

Page No: 227-233

Author: Amrita Kumari

Abstract: This study investigates the role of awareness in shaping attitudes toward educational innovations among Scheduled Caste (SC) girls at the primary level in Muzaffarpur, Bihar. Given the persistent educational disparities faced by marginalized communities, particularly in rural areas, understanding how awareness influences attitudes toward modern educational practices and technologies is crucial. The research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing surveys and structured questionnaires to assess the levels of awareness and attitudes toward educational innovations among SC girls. A total of 600 respondents from primary schools in Muzaffarpur were selected through random sampling, ensuring a diverse representation of socioeconomic backgrounds. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistics and correlation analysis to examine the relationship between awareness levels and the attitudes of the participants. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between the awareness of educational innovations and the favorable attitudes toward their integration into the learning environment. Moreover, the study highlights that awareness is influenced by several factors, including parental education, community support, and access to resources. The study also underscores the role of schools and teachers in enhancing students’ awareness through targeted educational initiatives. Based on the findings, recommendations are made to improve awareness-building programs and community engagement efforts to enhance the academic experiences of SC girls at the primary level. This research contributes to the understanding of how awareness can act as a catalyst for positive educational change among marginalized groups, providing valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and NGOs working to promote inclusive education.

Keywords: Awareness, Attitudes, Educational Innovations, Scheduled Caste Girls, Primary Education, Muzaffarpur, Rural Education, Socio-Economic Factors, Educational Disparities, Inclusive Education.

Page No: 234-240

Author: Adarini Kanjilal Biswas

Abstract: This research article presents an extensive ethnographic study of the Matua community, one of the most significant socio-religious movements among the marginalized Namasudra population of Bengal. Situated within the broader framework of postcolonial social transformation, the study examines how tradition, religious reform, and collective identity have interacted to facilitate social mobility among the Matua community. Drawing upon historical records, ethnographic observations, oral narratives, and secondary literature, the article explores the evolution of Matua traditions, their transformation in response to colonialism, Partition, and democratic politics, and their impact on social, cultural, and political mobility. The study argues that the Matua movement represents a unique synthesis of spiritual reform and sociopolitical assertion, where religion functions not as an instrument of social control but as a resource for dignity, resistance, and negotiated mobility. The article contributes to scholarship on caste, religion, and social change by foregrounding the lived experiences of marginalized communities in contemporary India.

Keywords: Matua Community, Namasudra, Tradition, Social Mobility, Ethnography, Religion andResistance.

Page No: 241-246