Author: Koushik Mishra
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100005
Abstract: The concept of God has been a central theme in philosophical discourse since ancient times. Philosophers across different traditions have attempted to explore, define, and justify the existence and nature of God through various philosophical arguments. Classical philosophy presented influential theistic arguments such as the cosmological, teleological, and ontological arguments to establish the rational basis of belief in God. In modern philosophy, these arguments have been critically examined, reformulated, and challenged by both theistic and atheistic thinkers. This research article critically examines the concept of God in classical and modern philosophical traditions by analyzing the major theistic arguments and the criticisms raised against them. The study explores the philosophical contributions of thinkers such as Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Anselm, Aquinas, Descartes, Kant, and contemporary philosophers. It also investigates the relevance of theistic arguments in contemporary philosophical debates concerning faith, reason, and metaphysics. The study argues that while traditional arguments for the existence of God may not provide definitive proof, they continue to offer significant philosophical insights into metaphysical inquiry, moral reasoning, and the search for ultimate reality.
Keywords: God, Theism, Ontological Argument, Cosmological Argument, Teleological Argument, Philosophy of Religion, Metaphysics.
Page No: 28-34