Author: Dr. Yogita Mandole

Abstract: In the present study social and emotional climate of schools measured on the basis of scores obtained by the participant onsocio-emotional school climate Inventory (SESI) developed by Kumari andBhargava. This tool consists of total 70 items in which 35 items were related to social climate of school and 35 items were related to the emotional climate of the school.In the present study government schools refers to schools run by government department of education. In the present study private schools refers to schools run by private organisations. The objectives are to compare the social and emotional climate of Government schools located in Mumbai, to compare the social and emotional climate of Private schools located in Mumbai and to compare the social and emotional climate of government and private schools located in Mumbai.Significant difference was found in the social and emotional climate of government schools of Mumbai. The emotional climate of government Schools found to be much better than the social climate of government schools.No significant difference was found in the social and emotional climate of private schools located in Mumbai.Significant difference was also found in the social and emotional climate of government and private schools located in Mumbai. Social and emotional climate of private schools located in Mumbai found much better than the social and emotional climate of government schools.

Keywords: Social and Emotional climate, Government School, Private School

Page No: 1-8

Author: Tanwangini Sahani

Abstract: Investigative journalism plays a crucial role in uncovering corporate malfeasance, serving as a vital mechanism for holding powerful entities accountable. This abstract explores the pivotal role of investigative journalism in revealing corporate wrongdoing and highlights its evolution through significant historical milestones. From its early days in the late 19th and early 20th centuries with pioneers like Nellie Bly and Ida B. Wells, to the muckraking era of Upton Sinclair and Lincoln Steffens, investigative journalism has consistently challenged and exposed unethical practices within both government and corporate sectors. Key cases such as the Enron scandal, the News of the World phone hacking scandal, the Satyam scandal, and the Wirecard fraud illustrate how investigative journalism not only brings hidden misconduct to light but also drives systemic reforms and regulatory changes. This paper employs a descriptive research design, relying on secondary sources and case studies to analyze the methodologies and techniques used in investigative journalism, including data analysis, source verification, and undercover reporting. The aim is to understand the historical role of investigative journalism, its impact on exposing corporate wrongdoing, and its continued relevance in the digital age amidst evolving challenges and innovations.

Keywords: Investigative Journalism, Corporate Malfeasance, Historical Milestones, Muckraking, Enron Scandal, News of the World, Satyam Scandal, Wirecard Fraud, Data Analysis, Whistleblower Protection, Source Verification, Undercover Reporting, Digital Revolution, Regulatory Reforms.

Page No: 9-14

Author: PRONAY  SEN & RATHIN RAY

Abstract: According to the target of UNESCO’s Millennium Development Goals our country is at present trying to ensure universal higher education.In this regard RashtriyaUchchatarShikshaAbhiyan is continuing to implement that principles and in practically to achieve the target ours central as well as state govt. are giving different types of scholarships, fellowships or other incentives directly to the students. In this study a major focus group is targeted basically the girls.The policymaker and the stake holders are trying to motivate the girls towards their educational achievement.But we are still unaware about the influence of these incentives, What are the perception of the girl students regarding the govt. incentives and financial supports, and whether any direct positive relation with the motivation and levels of learning.This paper will try to explain the influence of these incentives (kanyashreeprakalpo, swami Vivekananda merit cum means scholarship, scholarship for SC, ST students, indira Gandhi single girl child scholarship) especially for Post Graduate level students of CoochbeharPanchananBarma University.To conduct the study purposive sampling technique used to select 60 respondents from the girls community of this university.Collected raw data qualitatively analyzed by the researcher and it will present in this paper.

Keywords: Govt. incentives, higher education

Page No: 15-21

Author: Payel Maity Guin

Abstract: Family relationships play a central role in shaping individuals and society. They provide emotional support, teach values, and influence personal growth. Healthy family dynamics are characterized by trust, communication, and mutual respect, fostering a sense of belonging and security. Family relationships are foundational to human social structures, influencing individual well-being, societal stability, and intergenerational continuity. This article explores the complexities of family relationships, examining their nature, evolution, and impact on individual and collective lives. Drawing upon sociological, psychological, and anthropological perspectives, this research highlights the factors shaping family bonds and offers insights into fostering healthy familial connections. This study is based on secondary sources of information. The researcher has followed different books, journals for required information for the current study. By prioritizing effective communication, spending quality time together, establishing boundaries, and fostering mutual respect, families can create a nurturing environment where everyone thrives. Conflict resolution, emotional support, and the modeling of positive values further strengthen these bonds. Ultimately, healthy family relationships provide a foundation for resilience, happiness, and personal growth, enabling families to face life’s challenges with unity and love.

Keywords: Family Relationships, Human Development. Socio-Cultural, Economic Factors, Psychological Resilience.

Page No: 22-28

Author: Panna Mallick

Abstract: Child marriage remains a pressing global issue, depriving millions of children, especially girls, of their fundamental rights to education, health, and personal development. This article explores the dual approach of policy frameworks and community-based interventions as critical strategies to combat child marriage. It highlights the role of legislative measures, grassroots activism, education, and economic empowerment in addressing the root causes and mitigating the consequences of early marriage. The study emphasizes the importance of cultural sensitivity and inclusive stakeholder engagement in designing effective interventions, offering a roadmap for sustainable change. Child marriage has other negative effects on girls’ mental health as well. There is a strong correlation between many types of gender-based violence, such as forced marriage and intimate partner abuse, and the increased risk of depression and suicidal thoughts among girls who are engaged or married at a young age. Marriage at a young age not only prevents a kid from finishing high school, but it also forces them into low-paying, precarious occupations since they can’t work as much after giving birth and taking care of the child. Early marriage for girls reduces their lifetime earnings by more than nine percent, which is a big effect. Reducing the prevalence of child marriage has been associated with increased productivity and income.

Keywords: Child Marriage

Page No: 29-33

Author: Mamoni Khamrai

Abstract: Aims/Purpose: An attempt has been made by the researcher to evaluate the attitude of students on life skill education in relation to economic status of households.  Methodology: Quantitative survey method has been applied for the collection data from 200 students from Paschim Medinipur district in West Bengal. Student’s t-test has been used for analysis of data. Findings: Attitudinal differences exist towards the impact of education on life skill education between the APL and BPL type of households. APL type of households have the higher level education than the BPL type of households which shows the higher impact on life style education and healthy life of APL type than BPL type of households.  Comments: Life style education tends to promote healthy way of living by protecting human rights which again manifest in coping with their physical, psychological, social, and economic environments. Finally, education has a significant role in this respect.

Keywords:  Life skill education, Healthy life, Economic status, Attitude, Student’s t-test

Page No: 34-38

Author: M.R Sanat Dutta

Abstract: As artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly permeates the educational landscape, its implications for teacher education become critical. This paper explores the ethical challenges posed by AI, such as bias, data privacy, and job displacement, while also highlighting the opportunities it offers for personalized learning, enhanced assessment methods, and professional development. By examining case studies and providing recommendations, this research aims to contribute to a balanced understanding of AI’s role in shaping the future of teacher education. Ultimately, the paper calls for collaborative efforts among educators, policymakers, and technologists to harness the benefits of AI while safeguarding the integrity and equity of educational environments.

Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence, Teacher Education, Ethics, Bias, Data Privacy, Educational Technology, Personalized Learning, Policy Frameworks.

Page No: 39-42

Author: Kush Hatui  & Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul

Abstract: Aims/Purpose: This paper tries to make a study of impact of education on domestic violence with respect to economic status of the households in Paschim  Medinipur district of West Bengal.  Methodology: This study is quantitative in nature followed by descriptive survey among 200 households in Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal. Student’s t-test has been applied to examine the test of hypothesis. Findings: Significant difference in attitude exists among the households towards impact of education on domestic violence with respect to economic status. The APL type of households have the lower level of domestic violence compared the BPL level of households. Comments: Education is regarded as an important milestone of diminishing domestic violence because it enables them to face the challenges, to confront their traditional role and change their life. Proper education improves people’s understanding of the world around them, making them less susceptible to the influence of others.

Keywords:  Domestic violence, Physical violence, Psychological abuse, Economic status

Page No: 43-47

Author: Koushik Mishra

Abstract: The philosophy of language investigates the nature of language, its functions, and its relation to human thought and reality. It explores fundamental questions about meaning, reference, truth, and the role of language in communication and cognition. This article examines key topics in the field, including the nature of linguistic meaning, the relationship between language and thought, the role of context in interpretation, and contemporary debates surrounding the philosophy of language. By synthesizing historical and modern perspectives, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the philosophical underpinnings of linguistic inquiry. By examining themes like meaning, reference, truth, context, and the relationship between language and thought, philosophers have developed diverse perspectives that enrich our understanding of language’s role in shaping human experience. As new insights emerge from linguistics, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence, the philosophy of language will continue to evolve, offering fresh perspectives on enduring questions.

Keywords: Language, Artificial Intelligence, Human Communication, Philosophy, Natural, Conventional.

Page No: 48-52

Author: Dr. Mukta Goyal

Abstract: The global pandemic of 2020-2022 disrupted businesses worldwide, challenging organizations to navigate unforeseen challenges such as remote work transitions, supply chain disruptions, and shifting consumer behaviors. As organizations begin to recover, the need for strategic change management frameworks that are agile, data-driven, and resilient has become evident. This paper aims to explore the evolving landscape of change management in the post-pandemic era, emphasizing the importance of continuous improvement, stakeholder engagement, and sustainability. The research examines how businesses can build organizational resilience by adopting agile frameworks, leveraging technology, and fostering a culture of collaboration and innovation. Additionally, the study highlights the role of stakeholder communication in driving successful change and the necessity of integrating sustainability goals into business strategies for long-term growth. Through a descriptive research approach, this paper draws on secondary data to analyze the challenges organizations faced during and after the pandemic, the significance of data-driven decision-making, and the impact of stakeholder collaboration in facilitating effective change management initiatives. The findings aim to provide insights into how organizations can not only recover but thrive in a post-pandemic world, adapting to future disruptions while ensuring responsible and sustainable growth.

Keywords: Post-pandemic, strategic change management, organizational resilience, stakeholder engagement, data-driven decision-making, sustainability, agility, business transformation, recovery, innovation.

Page No: 53-61

Author: Awaneesh Baibhav

Abstract: According to the World Health Organization, Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity. Health can be promoted by encouraging healthful activities, such as regular physical exercise and adequate sleepand by reducing or avoiding unhealthful activities or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. Some factors affecting health are due to individual choices, such as whether to engage in a high-risk behavior, while others are due to structural causes, such as whether the society is arranged in a way that makes it easier or harder for people to get necessary healthcare services. Still, other factors are beyond both individual and group choices, such as genetic disorders. Health is elusive to define and ways of thinking about it have evolved over the years.  Three leading approaches include the “medical model”, the “holistic model”, and the “wellness model”. This evolution has been reflected in changing ways to measure health. During the 20th century, the medical model was a recognised concept viewing health merely as a state where disease is absent. The biopsychosocial model goes beyond this view and allows for the integration of the physiological, as well as the psychological and social components of disease. The World Health Organisation (1948) states that as a basic principle, “health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. This declaration could be considered by some as too ambitious and absolute in view of its focus on ‘complete’ well-being.

Keywords: Yoga, Health, WHO, Well-being.

Page No: 62-68

Author: Faiyaj Alam

Abstract: Women education has been playing a crucial role in the development of the Indian society. Education is vital for the all-round development of women. It is acting as an effective tool for the socio-economic change. Because, education foster enlightenment to individual’s life and thereby they contributed any spheres of human activity in public domain as well as private domain. Therefore, women education is equally essential as men for their all-round advancement and upliftment. But women have been facing several issues and challenges in pursuing their education. Thus, it became imperative to overcome the barriers and issues which have been preventing women education. The primary objectives of the paper are to identify the issues and challenges of women education in India and to address such issues. At the end of the paper I have pointed out some suggestive measures to overcome the barriers and issues of women education.

Keywords: Women Education, Status, Challenges, Suggestions.

Page No: 69-73

Author: Dr. Arfi Anjoon

Abstract: Education is essential for women’s welfare, advancement, prosperity, and empowerment. From conception to death, women continue to face discrimination. Every aspect of society needs to empower women, as they continue to face prejudice, vulnerability, and oppression. In order to overcome the gender prejudices that society imposes on them, women must swim against the system that demands greater power. Empowerment is a process that starts with education. Rural development will also result from women’s empowerment. Studies reveal that women with higher levels of education typically have higher levels of self-efficacy, self-confidence, and autonomy—all of which are critical components of psychological empowerment. Women can acquire critical thinking and problem-solving skills through education, which is essential for overcoming difficulties in life and promoting personal growth. Additionally, educated women are better able to advocate for their rights, challenge social norms that limit them, and support positive social change and societal transformation. Education has a mixed impact on psychological empowerment. Educational quality, family dynamics, economic conditions, and cultural norms all significantly influence the extent to which education fosters psychological empowerment. Social or economic barriers may hinder women’s ability to fully benefit from educational advantages, highlighting the need for environments and policies that support gender equality

Keywords: Education, Self-Efficacy, Self- confidence, Autonomy, Psychological Empowerment.

Page No: 74-79

Author: Prabin Chettri & Dr. Dinesh Kr. Sharma

Abstract: The goal of education is to foster growth in both people and communities. Life Skills Education as defined by the UNICEF (2005) is “a behaviour change or behaviour development approach designed to address a balance of areas; knowledge, attitude and skills.” Life Skills education is a programme that promotes positive health choice, making informed decisions, practicing health behaviour, recognizing and avoiding risky situations and behaviour. Life skills education is the dissemination and teaching of relevant knowledge, Attitudes, values and social and psychological skills to an individual to enable him/her develop their full potentials. The purpose of this research is to evaluate how different demographics, such as gender, academic standing, and region, influence teachers’ perspectives towards life skill education. For this purpose, the researcher has taken sample of 60 teachers from 4 secondary schools from Namchi, Sikkim. “Data were collected by self-developed questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 36 items with the response of 1= strongly disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Agree and 4= Strongly agree. Collected data were analyzed in SPSS 20 version software. Descriptive statistics and t test have used for hypothesis testing”. Findings of the study indicate that there is no significant difference in the attitude towards life skill education in respect of gender, category and living place.

Keywords: Living Place, Teaching, Life Skill Education, Secondary School Teachers.

Page No: 80-87

Author: Goutam Jana & Dr. Anil Kumar Yadav

Abstract: Inclusive education is a fundamental principle that seeks to ensure equal educational opportunities for all students, including those from marginalized communities. In India, Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) students have historically faced significant barriers to education, such as social exclusion, economic deprivation, and lack of access to quality educational resources. This research article examines the policies, practices, and progress of inclusive education for SC and ST students in India. By evaluating key government initiatives and assessing the effectiveness of these measures, the study aims to understand the current state of inclusive education for SC and ST students and to suggest improvements for greater educational equity. The need for inclusive education is particularly crucial for marginalized communities, such as Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST), who have historically faced discrimination, social exclusion, and limited access to resources. The educational policies and practices aimed at integrating SC and ST students into the mainstream education system have made significant strides over the years.

Keywords: Inclusive Education, Schedule Caste, Policies, Progress etc.

Page No: 88-91

Author: Bhaskar Kumar Si & Dr. Mandvi Rai

Abstract: The educational practices and institutions during the Buddhist era played a pivotal role in shaping the intellectual and spiritual landscape of ancient India and beyond. Rooted in the principles of Buddhism, which emphasized wisdom (prajna), ethical conduct (sila), and mental discipline (samadhi), these educational systems were designed not only to transmit knowledge but also to foster moral and spiritual growth. This research explores the evolution of Buddhist education from the early monastic communities to the establishment of renowned centers of learning such as Nalanda and Vikramashila. It examines the methods of teaching, curriculum, and the role of the guru and sishya (teacher-student) relationship, alongside the significant contributions these institutions made to various fields, including philosophy, logic, medicine, and the sciences. Through an analysis of historical texts and archaeological findings, the study provides insights into how Buddhist educational institutions became important hubs of knowledge, attracting scholars from across Asia. This historical perspective highlights the lasting influence of Buddhist education on the development of academic and monastic traditions globally and its relevance to modern educational thought

Keywords: Buddhist education, monasteries, curriculum, method of teaching etc.

Page No: 92-96

Author: Sk. Aptafuddin Ahmed

Abstract: West Bengal, a region in eastern India, is renowned for its rich cultural heritage, which is vividly reflected in its numerous festivals and rituals. These celebrations, rooted in religious, seasonal, and community-based traditions, play a pivotal role in preserving and transmitting the region’s cultural identity. This article explores the diverse festivals and rituals of West Bengal, with a focus on their cultural, social, and religious significance. By examining the traditional practices associated with festivals like Durga Puja, Poila Boishakh, and other regional rituals, this research demonstrates how these celebrations act as vehicles for cultural preservation, community bonding, and social cohesion. The study further highlights the evolving nature of these traditions in response to modern influences while maintaining their core cultural values.

Keywords: Durga Puja, Poila Boishakh, Festival, Ritual, Cultural, Preservation etc.

Page No: 99-101

Author: Mst . Waleda Khatun

Abstract: This study explores the role of Urdu as a political tool in South Asia, examining how the language has been used to shape nationalism, identity, and political discourse in both Pakistan and India. Historically, Urdu has been more than just a means of communication; it has functioned as a symbol of religious and cultural identity, particularly in the context of Muslim nationalism in Pakistan and Muslim minority politics in India. This research delves into how political leaders, parties, and movements have strategically employed Urdu to foster national unity, assert religious identities, and navigate regional and linguistic divides. In Pakistan, Urdu became the cornerstone of national identity post-partition, despite being spoken by a minority, while in India, the language has been associated with Muslim identity, often marginalized by the dominance of Hindi and Hindu nationalism. The study examines the intersections of language, politics, and social division, highlighting how Urdu’s status has been both a tool for political integration and a source of ethnic tension. Additionally, the role of Urdu-language media in contemporary political discourse is analyzed, shedding light on how the language continues to influence political movements and public opinion. This research underscores the significance of language in constructing national identities and shaping political ideologies, offering insights into the broader implications of linguistic politics in South Asia.

Keywords: Urdu, Political Tool, Nationalism, Identity, South Asia, Language Politics etc.

Page No: 102-105

Author: Nilmoni Saha Roy

Abstract: The integration of technology into teacher education has brought about transformative changes in how educators are trained. This article explores innovative approaches in teacher education that leverage technological tools and platforms to enhance learning. The study examines the role of online learning environments, virtual simulations, artificial intelligence, and mobile learning in fostering a more personalized, efficient, and inclusive educational experience. By focusing on these emerging technologies, this research aims to highlight the potential of tech-driven innovations to reshape teacher education, equipping educators with the skills necessary to thrive in the evolving educational landscape. Blended learning, which combines online instruction with traditional face-to-face classes, is one of the primary ways technology is being integrated into teacher education. This model allows teacher candidates to access learning materials, collaborate with peers, and engage in discussions through digital platforms, offering flexibility while still maintaining the benefits of in-person interaction. Innovative approaches in teacher education are reshaping the way future educators are trained and prepared for the classroom. By embracing technology, project-based learning, collaborative models, culturally responsive pedagogy, reflective practices, and field-based learning, teacher education programs can provide prospective teachers with the skills, knowledge, and mindset needed to succeed in the 21st-century classroom.

Keywords: Technology, Teacher Education, Innovative Approaches etc

Page No: 106-110

Author: Ranjit Kumar Biswas

Abstract: Sarojini Naidu, a prominent poet and freedom fighter, is renowned for her lyrical poetry that celebrates the vibrancy and beauty of India, often intertwining nature with human experiences. Her love for nature is a central theme in many of her poems, where natural elements such as flowers, rivers, and the sky are not only used to evoke aesthetic pleasure but also serve as metaphors for deeper emotional and spiritual states. This paper explores the representation of nature in selected poems of Sarojini Naidu, such as “The Lotus,” “In the Bazaars of Hyderabad,” and “The Palanquin Bearers,” analyzing how her poetic expression reflects an enduring affection for the natural world. Through vivid imagery, symbolic meaning, and sensory descriptions, Naidu’s works demonstrate how nature is both a source of beauty and a channel for emotional and national expression. This study highlights how nature in Naidu’s poetry becomes a reflection of spiritual growth, national identity, joy, sorrow, and comfort, reinforcing the interconnection between the human soul and the natural environment.

Keywords: Love For Nature, Emotional And Spiritual States, National Identity etc.

Page No: 111-116

Author: Yasminara Khatun

Abstract: This study explores the sociolinguistic dimensions of the Urdu language, tracing its evolution from its traditional roots to its contemporary expressions in modern South Asia. Urdu, a language deeply intertwined with cultural, political, and social identities, has undergone significant transformations over the centuries, particularly in the face of globalization, political shifts, and multilingualism. This research examines the complex relationship between language and identity, focusing on how Urdu serves as both a marker of tradition and a tool of modern communication. It also investigates the linguistic variation within Urdu, including the distinction between formal and colloquial registers, and how these variations reflect social hierarchies. Furthermore, the study explores the role of multilingualism and code-switching in contemporary Urdu usage, particularly in urban and digital spaces, where the language interacts with English and regional languages. The research also addresses the political and cultural dimensions of Urdu’s status in Pakistan and India, shedding light on its role in national identity formation and media representation. This study provides a comprehensive sociolinguistic analysis of Urdu, offering insights into the dynamics between tradition and modernity in the language’s usage and societal impact.

Keywords: Urdu, Sociolinguistics, Multilingualism, Identity, Globalization, Code-Switching

Page No: 117-121

Author: Sunirmal Das

Abstract: Electron collisions with atoms and molecules are fundamental to understanding microscopic interactions that govern a wide range of natural and technological phenomena. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the mechanisms underlying electron impact ionization, excitation, and elastic scattering, focusing on their theoretical descriptions and experimental validations. We discuss the evolution of prominent models, such as the Born Approximation, Khare-BEB, and Kim-Rudd BEB, highlighting their applicability to various energy regimes and molecular complexities. Advances in experimental techniques, including time-resolved spectroscopy and electron energy loss measurements, are explored alongside their integration with computational approaches. Emerging trends, such as the use of machine learning and hybrid frameworks, are emphasized for their potential to address challenges in accuracy and scalability. Applications in fields like astrophysics, atmospheric science, plasma technology, and semiconductor processing are discussed, offering insights into both the current state and future directions of electron collision research.

Keywords: Electron Impact Ionization, Collision Cross-Sections, Elastic And Inelastic Collisions, Quantum Mechanical Models, Machine Learning In Physics, Plasma Applications

Page No: 122-144

Author: Prasanta Rang

Abstract: Kamala Das, a prominent Indian poet, is renowned for her confessional poetry that delves into themes of love, longing, selfhood, and the complexities of identity. Her work bridges the gap between traditional Indian poetry and the modern, Western confessional mode, exploring the intricacies of personal experience within the societal and cultural framework. This paper aims to analyze the significant aspects of her poetry, focusing on her use of language, the themes of female desire, identity, and the role of sexuality in her writing, as well as the impact of her poetic contributions on contemporary Indian literature. Kamala Das remains a beacon for those seeking to understand the complexities of love, identity, and the human condition through the lens of poetic expression. Her work invites readers to engage in an ongoing dialogue about the boundaries of personal expression, the nuances of gender and sexuality, and the universal desire for connection and self-actualization.

Keywords: Poetry, Female Desire, Identity, Gender, Sexuality, Language, Challenging.

Page No: 145-150