Author: Sukamal Biswas
Abstract: Decentralization has emerged as a central paradigm in educational reform across the globe, reflecting broader shifts in governance from centralized state control to more localized and participatory models. This research article critically examines the political implications of decentralization in school systems, focusing on how authority, decision-making, and accountability are redistributed across different levels of governance. While decentralization is often promoted as a means to enhance efficiency, responsiveness, and democratic participation, its outcomes are shaped by complex political, social, and economic contexts. Drawing upon theoretical perspectives from political science, public administration, and educational governance, this study analyzes the multiple dimensions of decentralization— including administrative, fiscal, and political forms—and their impact on equity, quality, and accountability in education. Particular attention is given to the Indian context, where decentralization policies such as the Panchayati Raj system and the Right to Education Act have redefined local governance in education. The article argues that decentralization is not merely a technical reform but a deeply political process that can both empower communities and reproduce existing inequalities, depending on its design and implementation.
Keywords: Decentralization, Educational Governance, School Systems, Political Implications, Equity, Local Governance, India, Policy, Democracy, Accountability.
Page No:247-253