# Pen &amp; Prosperity

> Double Blind Peer Reviewed  ll Social Sciences   ll  English Languages  ll  International  ll  Bi-Monthly  ll  DOI: Prefix 10.7098


## Posts

- [Digital Tools and English Learning: Transforming Classroom Practices](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/digital-tools-and-english-learning-transforming-classroom-practices/): Author: Dr. Mriganka Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100010 Abstract: The rapid advancement of digital technologies has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of education, particularly in the domain of English language learning. No longer confined to traditional textbooks and teacher-centered instruction, contemporary classrooms are increasingly characterized by the integration of digital tools that enhance interactivity, accessibility, and learner autonomy. This research article explores how digital tools are transforming English classroom practices, examining their impact on language acquisition, pedagogy, learner engagement, and assessment. Drawing upon interdisciplinary perspectives from educational technology, applied linguistics, and pedagogy, the study argues that digital tools not only facilitate language [&hellip;]
- [Innovative Digital Strategies for Effective Language Learning: A Comprehensive Study](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/innovative-digital-strategies-for-effective-language-learning-a-comprehensive-study/): Author: Dr. Shubhra Nath DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100001 Abstract: The rapid advancement of digital technologies has transformed educational practices across the globe, particularly in language learning. Innovative digital strategies such as mobile applications, artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), Web 2.0 tools, and gamification have significantly enhanced the accessibility, engagement, and effectiveness of language acquisition. This research article provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of digital technologies in modern language education. It examines theoretical foundations, key digital tools, pedagogical strategies, benefits, challenges, and future prospects of digital language learning. The study also discusses how technology-enhanced language learning (TELL) promotes personalized, [&hellip;]
- [NEP 2020 &amp;Teacher Education Programme in India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/nep-2020-teacher-education-programme-in-india/): Author: Dr. Sajal Dey DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100002 Abstract: Teaching is a Nobel profession, for this Nobel profession, we need well qualified teachers. Only good quality teacher education programme can make good, knowledgeable, qualified teachers suitable for this profession. Teachers are the ones who impart good moral values and disciplines to the students. The key question here is that since the creator of our future generation is the teacher, it is very important to shed light on how teachers should be educated and how to train them. Therefore, enough emphasis has been laid on teacher education in the NEP-2020. Because there [&hellip;]
- [A Study of Emotional Maturity of Senior Secondary School Students in Kolkata](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/a-study-of-emotional-maturity-of-senior-secondary-school-students-in-kolkata/): Author: Dr. Bhupendra Narayan Basunia DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100003 Abstract: Emotional maturity is a process in which the personality is continuously striving for greater sense of emotional health, both intrapsychically and intra-personality. The characteristics of an emotionally mature are hetero-sexuality, appreciation of attitude and behavior of others, tendency to adopt the attitudes and habits of others and capacity to delay his own responses. Therefore, the emotionally mature is not one who necessarily has resolved all conditions that aroused anxiety and hostility but it is continuously in process of seeing himself in clear perspective, continually involved in a struggle to gain healthy [&hellip;]
- [Cultural Diversity and Folk Heritage of Paschim Medinipur: Challenges and Prospects](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/cultural-diversity-and-folk-heritage-of-paschim-medinipur-challenges-and-prospects/): Author: Sk Aptafuddin Ahmed &amp; Dr. Sushma Gari DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100004 Abstract: The district of Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal, India, is known for its rich cultural diversity and vibrant folk heritage. This paper examines the varied cultural traditions of the region and explores both the challenges facing its folk heritage and prospects for preservation and revitalization. Using qualitative fieldwork and literature review, the study discusses how globalization, modernization, and socioeconomic changes have influenced folk culture. Key recommendations are provided for sustaining cultural practices through community participation, education, and policy support. Keywords: Paschim Medinipur, Cultural Diversity, Folk Heritage, Preservation, Community [&hellip;]
- [The Concept of God in Classical and Modern Philosophy: A Critical Examination of Theistic Arguments](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-concept-of-god-in-classical-and-modern-philosophy-a-critical-examination-of-theistic-arguments/): Author: Koushik Mishra DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100005 Abstract: The concept of God has been a central theme in philosophical discourse since ancient times. Philosophers across different traditions have attempted to explore, define, and justify the existence and nature of God through various philosophical arguments. Classical philosophy presented influential theistic arguments such as the cosmological, teleological, and ontological arguments to establish the rational basis of belief in God. In modern philosophy, these arguments have been critically examined, reformulated, and challenged by both theistic and atheistic thinkers. This research article critically examines the concept of God in classical and modern philosophical traditions by [&hellip;]
- [Mental Health of Senior Secondary School Students in Relation to Their Academic Achievement](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mental-health-of-senior-secondary-school-students-in-relation-to-their-academic-achievement/): Author: Awaneesh Baibhav DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100006 Abstract: Mental health is an aspect of a person’s overall health. Mental health considers person’s physical health and mental health. In daily life, family, social, economic, political, educational events have affected our mental health. It puts stress on the mind in many ways that can disrupt mental well-being. In Indian Society person’s complete potentialities and capacities are judged by their academic achievement. A better mental health creates better motivation of students and students will perform well in their academic achievement. The objectives of the present study are to find out significant difference if any [&hellip;]
- [Mental Health of Senior Secondary School Students in Relation to Some Personal Variables](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mental-health-of-senior-secondary-school-students-in-relation-to-some-personal-variables/): Author: Samten Tamang DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100007 Abstract: Mental Health delineates either emotional or cognitive well-being of an individual. When it is absent it becomes a mental disorder. From the disciplinary viewpoint of positive psychology, mental health is all about the ability of an individual to enjoy life to the fullest and maintain a balance between the life efforts and life activities. Mental ill health causes the feeling of shame, guilt, rejection, isolation and tension etc. and makes the man perceive the world and life as dangerous. Common mental health problems arise from life events as well as the pressure of [&hellip;]
- [Promoting Folk Education to the Development of Indian Cultural Heritage with Special Reference to National Education Policy 2020](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/promoting-folk-education-to-the-development-of-indian-cultural-heritage-with-special-reference-to-national-education-policy-2020/): Author: Ms. Sumana Hazra &amp; Prof. Shyamsundar Bairagya DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100008 Abstract: This paper engraves folk education and portrays as keen as possible to promote the development of India’s cultural heritage. History books start their journey by saying to children that if we don’t know our past, we can’t progress towards our future, which means we have to start our journey from the back, which is the origin of the future. The root means the core of our culture, civilization, and human life. Cultivation of the core culture of human civilization does mean our folk culture. Folk culture is an [&hellip;]
- [Aspects of Educational Research And Its Implications for the Global Development of Human Resources](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/aspects-of-educational-research-and-its-implications-for-the-global-development-of-human-resources/): Author: Dr. Subhas Chandra Bhat &amp; Dr. Ujjwal Paul DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/030100009 Abstract: Educational research plays a vital role in shaping the quality, accessibility, and effectiveness of education systems across the world. It provides a scientific and systematic approach to understanding educational processes, teaching–learning practices, curriculum development, and policy formulation. The various aspects of educational research—such as theoretical inquiry, empirical investigation, evaluation studies, and policy-oriented research—help identify challenges and opportunities within education systems. In the context of globalization, educational research contributes significantly to the development of human resources by promoting innovation, critical thinking, skill development, and inclusive education. It also [&hellip;]
- [Youth Mental Health in the Digital Age: Patterns, Pressures and Policy Responses](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/youth-mental-health-in-the-digital-age-patterns-pressures-and-policy-responses-2/): Author: Dr. Moumita Mitra DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400001 Abstract: The digital age has revolutionized how young people communicate, learn, socialize, and perceive the world. Social media platforms, online gaming, virtual classrooms, and digital entertainment environments have become integral components of youth culture. While these technologies offer unprecedented opportunities for learning, creativity, self-expression, and global connectivity, they also pose growing concerns for mental well-being. Rising rates of anxiety, depression, cyberbullying, sleep deprivation, internet addiction, body-image dissatisfaction, and academic stress have intensified scholarly debates about the psychological impacts of constant digital exposure. This research article explores the complex patterns of digital engagement among [&hellip;]
- [The Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Teacher Education: Present Practices, Pedagogical Shifts, and Future Possibilities](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-transformative-role-of-artificial-intelligence-in-teacher-education-present-practices-pedagogical-shifts-and-future-possibilities/): Author: Sankar Prasad Maiti &amp; Soma Jana (Maiti) DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400002 Abstract: The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought about profound transformations across multiple sectors, with education emerging as one of the most significantly impacted domains. Teacher education, which forms the foundation of educational quality and learner success, is undergoing a paradigm shift due to the integration of AI-driven technologies. Traditional models of teacher preparation—largely focused on content mastery, pedagogical techniques, and classroom management—are increasingly inadequate in addressing the complexities of digital, data-driven, and learnercentered educational environments. This research article critically examines the role of Artificial Intelligence in [&hellip;]
- [The Impact of Salinity Intrusion on Carbon Mineralization Rates in Coastal Peatlands: A Systematic Review](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/youth-mental-health-in-the-digital-age-patterns-pressures-and-policy-responses/): Author: Dr. Rayan Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400003 Abstract: Coastal peatlands are among the world’s most dense carbon sinks, yet they are increasingly threatened by sea-level rise and the resulting salinity intrusion. This review synthesizes current research on how saltwater exposure alters carbon mineralization—the process by which organic carbon is converted into greenhouse gases like CO2 and CH4. We examine the dual roles of ionic stress on microbial communities and the introduction of sulfate (SO2- 4) as an alternative terminal electron acceptor. While short-term salinity pulses often inhibit microbial respiration due to osmotic stress, long-term exposure can facilitate more efficient anaerobic [&hellip;]
- [Indian Knowledge System: A Framework for Holistic Educational Administration](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/indian-knowledge-system-a-framework-for-holistic-educational-administration/): Author: Dr. Brijendra Bahadur Singh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400004 Abstract: The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) is a vast and diverse body of knowledge that has been developed over thousands of years in the Indian subcontinent. This ancient system encompasses various disciplines, including philosophy, science, mathematics, medicine, engineering, arts, and social sciences. IKS is characterized by its holistic approach, emphasizing the interconnectedness of all things and promoting sustainable living practices. This paper explores the potential of IKS as a framework for holistic educational administration. It highlights the key components of IKS, including scriptures, schools, languages, and Vedangas. The paper also discusses the [&hellip;]
- [Educating Women, Empowering Nations: The Path toward Equality](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/educating-women-empowering-nations-the-path-toward-equality/): Author: Asim Kumar Maiti DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400005 Abstract: Women’s education is widely recognized as one of the most powerful instruments for promoting social justice, economic development, and gender equality. Educated women contribute not only to their own personal growth but also to the well-being of families, communities, and nations. This article explores the multifaceted relationship between women’s education and equality, examining historical perspectives, contemporary challenges, socio-economic impacts, and future strategies. It argues that investing in women’s education is not merely a moral obligation but a strategic necessity for sustainable national and global development. Keywords: Women’s Education, Gender Equality, Women Empowerment, [&hellip;]
- [The Evolving Status of Women in the Vedic Period of Ancient India: A Socio Religious Analysis](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-evolving-status-of-women-in-the-vedic-period-of-ancient-india-a-socio-religious-analysis/): Author: Saroj Kanjilal DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400006 Abstract: This paper reinterprets the changing position of women during the Vedic period by examining religious texts, socio-economic developments, and cultural patterns. While early Vedic society offered women notable space in ritual and intellectual domains, the later phase saw increasing restrictions. The status of women in the Vedic period of ancient India reflects a complex and evolving socio-religious landscape shaped by changing economic, ritualistic, and philosophical frameworks. During the early Vedic period (c. 1500–1000 BCE), women enjoyed relatively elevated social positions, marked by access to education, participation in religious rituals, intellectual contributions, and a [&hellip;]
- [Analyzing the Impact of Changing Land Use Patterns in the Coastal Zones of West Bengal](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/analyzing-the-impact-of-changing-land-use-patterns-in-the-coastal-zones-of-west-bengal/): Author: Debasish Dasmahapatra DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400007 Abstract: The foundation of many other human endeavors rests on land, the most fundamental resource for human survival. There are usually a number of interrelated causes that influence changes in land use and land cover. Changes in land use and land cover are driven by a complex interplay of natural and anthropogenic factors, which shift over time and across geographic regions. Alterations in the quality of the water along the Hooghly River in India as a result of LULC. The research relies heavily on previously published works. This research considers the general land use [&hellip;]
- [Effects of Supportive School Climate on Students’ Social And Emotional Development](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/effects-of-supportive-school-climate-on-students-social-and-emotional-development/): Author: Dr. Purushottam Kumar Vats DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400008 Abstract: It is often acknowledged that a supportive school environment has a significant impact on children’ social and emotional growth. This study looks at how a supportive school environment affects secondary school students’ social and emotional growth. The data demonstrate a strong beneficial association between supportive school climate and students’ social skills, emotional control, self-esteem, and interpersonal interactions. Students’ social and emotional development is greatly influenced by a supportive school environment. Healthy interpersonal skills and emotional well-being are supported in schools that promote positive interactions, safety, inclusivity, and emotional support. This article [&hellip;]
- [The Evolution of the Indian Freedom Movement: From Early Resistance to Independence](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-evolution-of-the-indian-freedom-movement-from-early-resistance-to-independence/): Author: Dr. Dhirendra Nath Ghosh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400009 Abstract: This article traces the evolution of the Indian freedom movement from early resistance to the achievement of independence in 1947. It examines how the struggle began with localized revolts, tribal uprisings, and peasant protests, and gradually developed into organized political movements led by leaders, reformers, and mass participation. The study highlights the role of both radical and nonviolent strategies, including revolutionary activities, the Swadeshi Movement, Gandhian satyagraha, and mass civil disobedience campaigns. It also explores the contributions of women, marginalized groups, and regional movements in shaping the national struggle. By reflecting [&hellip;]
- [Cultural and Gender Barriers in Promoting Girl Child Education in Dhanbad District](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/cultural-and-gender-barriers-in-promoting-girl-child-education-in-dhanbad-district/): Author: Dolly Kumari DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400010 Abstract: This study explores the cultural and gender-related barriers that hinder the promotion of girl child education in Dhanbad district, Jharkhand. Despite national efforts to improve access to education for all children, many girls in this region continue to face serious challenges that prevent them from attending school regularly or completing their education. These challenges are not only economic but deeply rooted in cultural beliefs, traditional gender roles, and social expectations. In many families, girls are expected to manage household chores, care for siblings, or prepare for early marriage, while boys are encouraged to [&hellip;]
- [Collaborative School Management through Distributed Leadership Practices](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/collaborative-school-management-through-distributed-leadership-practices/): Author: Pranab Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400011 Abstract: Collaborative school management has gained importance in recent years as schools face increasing academic, administrative, and social responsibilities. Traditional leadership models, where authority is concentrated in the hands of a single school head, are often insufficient to manage these complex demands. In this context, distributed leadership practices offer an effective approach to school management by sharing leadership roles among teachers, administrators, and other staff members. This paper focuses on understanding how collaborative school management is developed and strengthened through distributed leadership practices. Distributed leadership emphasizes teamwork, shared responsibility, and collective decision-making. When leadership [&hellip;]
- [Challenges and Opportunities of Implementing Blended Learning in Higher Education Institutions in Ranchi](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/challenges-and-opportunities-of-implementing-blended-learning-in-higher-education-institutions-in-ranchi/): Author: Ranjeeta Giri DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400012 Abstract: Blended learning has emerged as an important instructional approach in higher education, combining traditional classroom teaching with digital and online learning methods. This study explores the challenges and opportunities of implementing blended learning in higher education institutions in Ranchi. The research follows a qualitative approach and is based on secondary data collected from research articles, government reports, institutional documents, policy guidelines, and published studies related to blended learning. The purpose of the study is to understand how blended learning is being adopted, the benefits it offers, and the difficulties faced by institutions, teachers, [&hellip;]
- [Work and Family Balance of Women in Urban Patna in the Context of Urbanization](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/work-and-family-balance-of-women-in-urban-patna-in-the-context-of-urbanization/): Author: Ritika Nayan DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400013 Abstract: The rapid process of urbanization has significantly transformed the social, economic, and cultural lives of women in Indian cities. This paper examines the work and family balance of women in urban Patna in the context of ongoing urbanization, using secondary data sources to understand emerging patterns and challenges. The study draws upon data from the Census of India, National Family Health Survey (NFHS), Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) reports, and relevant government publications and scholarly literature. These sources provide insights into women’s employment participation, household responsibilities, family structures, [&hellip;]
- [Experiential and Nature-Based Learning in India through the Educational Thought of Rabindranath Tagore](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/experiential-and-nature-based-learning-in-india-through-the-educational-thought-of-rabindranath-tagore/): Author: Ruma Mukherjee DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400014 Abstract: Experiential and nature-based learning occupy a central place in the educational thought of Rabindranath Tagore, who believed that true education grows from direct experience and close contact with nature. This paper explores Tagore’s ideas on learning through experience and nature and examines their relevance in the Indian educational context. Tagore opposed rigid classroom teaching and book-centered learning, as he felt such methods restrict curiosity, creativity, and emotional growth. Instead, he emphasized learning by doing, observing, feeling, and interacting with the natural and social environment. According to Tagore, nature is the best teacher because [&hellip;]
- [Economic Significance of Ritualistic Flowers : A Study on the Marigold and Tuberose Market in West Bengal, India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/economic-significance-of-ritualistic-flowers-a-study-on-the-marigold-and-tuberose-market-in-west-bengal-india/): Author: Tista Dutta DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400015 Abstract: This article examined the economic significance of two ritualistic flowers—marigold (Tagetes spp.) and tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa)— within West Bengal’s floriculture and festival economies. Drawing on published studies, market price series, government statistics and regional reports, the study analyzed cultivation patterns, value chains, seasonal market dynamics (with emphasis on Durga Puja and other festivals), employment and livelihood effects, price volatility, and the challenges of post-harvest handling and market access. The findings indicated that marigold and tuberose cultivation had provided higher seasonal employment and supplementary incomes for smallholders compared to some staple crops; marigold had [&hellip;]
- [The Role of Immune Dysregulation in Emotional and Affective Disturbances](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-role-of-immune-dysregulation-in-emotional-and-affective-disturbances/): Author: Pratiksha Goswami DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400016 Abstract: This article presents a multidisciplinary investigation into the role of immune dysregulation in emotional and affective disturbances. Drawing upon psychoneuroimmunology, neurobiology, endocrinology, and clinical psychiatry, it examines the mechanisms through which immune activation influences brain function and emotional regulation. The review highlights pathways of immune–brain communication, including cytokine signaling, neurotransmitter alterations, and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activation. Evidence linking chronic inflammation to major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and affective symptoms in autoimmune diseases is critically examined. Developmental factors such as early-life adversity and maternal immune activation, along with lifestyle influences including [&hellip;]
- [Mental Health and Academic Achievement : Understanding the Interplay](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mental-health-and-academic-achievement-understanding-the-interplay/): Author: Sahana Khatun DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400017 Abstract: Mental health is a fundamental determinant of students’ overall wellbeing, learning processes, and academic performance. In recent decades, the prevalence of psychological issues such as stress, anxiety, depression, and academic burnout has increased significantly among students across schools, colleges, and universities, posing substantial challenges to cognitive functioning, motivation, and educational outcomes. Academic achievement is not solely a reflection of intellectual ability or study effort; it is closely linked with emotional regulation, resilience, coping strategies, and social-emotional competencies. Poor mental health can impair attention, memory, executive functioning, and interpersonal skills, thereby affecting classroom participation, [&hellip;]
- [Curriculum Reform and Its Role in Educational Quality Enhancement](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/curriculum-reform-and-its-role-in-educational-quality-enhancement/): Author: Sujay Maiti DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400018 Abstract: Curriculum reform has emerged as a central concern in educational discourse worldwide due to rapid socio-economic changes, globalization, and evolving learner needs. Quality education is no longer defined solely by access and enrollment but by relevance, inclusivity, effectiveness, and learner outcomes. Curriculum reform plays a pivotal role in enhancing educational quality by reshaping knowledge structures, pedagogical approaches, assessment practices, and learner engagement. This research article critically examines the concept of curriculum reform, its theoretical foundations, objectives, and its contribution to improving educational quality. Drawing upon global and national policy perspectives, the study explores [&hellip;]
- [The Second Social Reform Movement and the Intensification of Modern Education in Bengal](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-second-social-reform-movement-and-the-intensification-of-modern-education-in-bengal/): Author: Tapanjyoti Malakar DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400019 Abstract: The second phase of social reform movements in colonial Bengal marked a critical transition in the relationship between education and social transformation. Emerging in the mid-nineteenth century, this phase witnessed the intensification of modern education as a deliberate strategy to challenge entrenched social practices related to caste hierarchy, gender inequality, and cultural orthodoxy. The study examines the role of modern educational institutions in promoting social reform, the contributions of key reformers in linking education with cultural transformation, and the impact of women’s education on advancing social change. Drawing on historical documents, reformist writings, [&hellip;]
- [Ichthyofaunal Diversity, Seasonal Dynamics, and Conservation Status of Small Indigenous Fish Species in Freshwater Ecosystems of Malda District, West Bengal, India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/ichthyofaunal-diversity-seasonal-dynamics-and-conservation-status-of-small-indigenous-fish-species-in-freshwater-ecosystems-of-malda-district-west-bengal-india-2/): Author: Avijit Lahiri DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400020 Abstract: Small indigenous fish species (SIFs) have been recognized as vital components of freshwater biodiversity, nutritional security, and rural livelihoods across South Asia. However, rapid environmental change and anthropogenic pressures have contributed to the decline of these species, particularly in floodplain-dominated regions of eastern India. The present study had been conducted to document ichthyofaunal diversity, seasonal variation, habitat-wise distribution, and conservation status of small indigenous fish species in the freshwater ecosystems of Malda district, West Bengal. Field surveys had been carried out over a three-year period (2023–2025) across rivers, floodplain wetlands (beels), ponds, and [&hellip;]
- [A Review on the Development of Fuzzy Algebra and Its Logical Structures](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/ichthyofaunal-diversity-seasonal-dynamics-and-conservation-status-of-small-indigenous-fish-species-in-freshwater-ecosystems-of-malda-district-west-bengal-india/): Author: Diwakar Prasad Baranwal DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400021 Abstract: Fuzzy algebra has emerged as a powerful extension of classical algebraic systems by incorporating graded membership and uncertainty. This review paper presents a comprehensive overview of the development of fuzzy algebra, focusing on fuzzy groups, fuzzy rings, and fuzzy algebraic logic structures such as BCK, BCI, and pseudoBCK algebras. The paper highlights key definitions, known results, and major theoretical advances reported in the literature, along with recent trends toward intrinsic, membership-based formulations. Special emphasis is given to quotient constructions, homomorphism theorems, and fuzzy filters in implication-based algebras. The review also discusses open [&hellip;]
- [Empowerment through Participation: A Study of Women’s Access to Education, Employment, and Decision-Making in Hooghly District](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/empowerment-through-participation-a-study-of-womens-access-to-education-employment-and-decision-making-in-hooghly-district/): Author: Madhumita Ghosh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400022 Abstract: The empowerment of women remains a critical concern in India’s socio-economic development discourse, particularly in districts like Hooghly, West Bengal, where traditional norms coexist with modern aspirations. This study titled “Empowerment through Participation: A Study of Women’s Access to Education, Employment, and Decision Making in Hooghly District” seeks to explore the depth and dimensions of women’s access to these fundamental areas that shape their agency and status in society. Using a mixed-method approach, the research investigates the socio-cultural, economic, and institutional factors that influence women’s participation in educational pursuits, labor markets, and decision-making [&hellip;]
- [Assessment Reforms in NEP 2020: Moving from Summative to Competency-Based Evaluation in Indian Education](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/assessment-reforms-in-nep-2020-moving-from-summative-to-competency-based-evaluation-in-indian-education/): Author: Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400023 Abstract: Assessment systems play a decisive role in shaping teaching–learning processes and learner outcomes. For decades, the Indian education system has been dominated by high-stakes, summative examinations that emphasize rote memorization over conceptual understanding and real-world application. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 proposes a comprehensive transformation of assessment practices by shifting from content-heavy, summative evaluation toward competency based, formative, and continuous assessment. This paper critically examines the assessment reforms envisioned under NEP 2020 and analyzes their implications for teaching practices, learner development, and educational equity. Using a qualitative policy analysis approach, [&hellip;]
- [Mahatma Gandhi in Jharkhand: Legacy, Movements and Socio-Political Impact](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mahatma-gandhi-in-jharkhand-legacy-movements-and-socio-political-impact/): Author: Sameem Ansari DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400024 Abstract: Mahatma Gandhi, the architect of India’s non-violent independence struggle, extended his vision of social, economic, and political reform across diverse regions of India, including the area that constitutes modern-day Jharkhand. Known for his philosophy of Satyagraha, nonviolence (Ahimsa), and constructive work (Gram Swaraj), Gandhi’s engagement with Jharkhand was primarily focused on tribal welfare, rural development, and mobilization against exploitative colonial structures. This research article examines Gandhi’s visits, interactions, and influence in the Jharkhand region, analyzing his efforts in fostering social consciousness among tribal communities, promoting education, enhancing economic self-reliance, and supporting the broader [&hellip;]
- [Tribal Politics and the Question of Internal Inequality: A Case Study of Selected Scheduled Tribes in West Bengal](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/tribal-politics-and-the-question-of-internal-inequality-a-case-study-of-selected-scheduled-tribes-in-west-bengal/): Author: Bisakha Baidya DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400025 Abstract: This article examines the dynamics of tribal politics and internal inequality among selected Scheduled Tribes in West Bengal, including the Santhals, Oraons, Mundas, and Bhumij. While tribal politics has historically centered on struggles for recognition, land rights, and socio-economic justice, the study argues that tribal communities are not socially homogeneous. Drawing on existing scholarship and regional analysis, the paper highlights how economic differentiation, educational disparities, gender hierarchies, and political elite formation shape internal stratification within tribal society. It explores how identity-based mobilization—though essential for collective assertion—often masks layered inequalities linked to class, gender, [&hellip;]
- [Spiritual Practices and Monastic Life in Bengal: A Study of Buddhist Traditions (750-1179 AD)](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/spiritual-practices-and-monastic-life-in-bengal-a-study-of-buddhist-traditions-750-1179-ad/): Author: Chandrani Roy DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400026 Abstract: This study explores the development of Buddhist monasticism in Bengal during the Pāla Dynasty (750–1179 AD) and its profound impact on the broader Buddhist world. The Pāla rulers played a crucial role in establishing and supporting Buddhist monastic institutions such as Nalanda, Vikramashila, and Odantapuri, which became global centers of Buddhist learning. This period saw the evolution of Bengali script, which played a pivotal role in preserving and transmitting Mahāyāna and Tantric Buddhist texts. Additionally, Bengal’s position as a hub for the adaptation of Buddhist teachings, particularly through Sanskrit and Apabhramśa texts, facilitated [&hellip;]
- [The Encroachment of American English and the Challenges Faced by the users of English in India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-encroachment-of-american-english-and-the-challenges-faced-by-the-users-of-english-in-india/): Author: Dr. Masadul Islam DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400027 Abstract: There is no denying that the hegemonic diffusion of American soft power and linguistic imperialism across the globe have exerted a formidable influence in the last few decades. American English has become a global vernacular. This phenomenon has precipitated profound socio-linguistic transformations and challenges across diverse linguistic landscapes. While India continues to bear the historical legacy of the colonial variety of British English, the pervasive infiltration of American English into the realm of pragmatic usages is beyond anyone’s doubt. This incursion is fuelled by the persuasive linguistic styles embedded in digital platforms, [&hellip;]
- [Quality Assurance and Academic Standards in Private B.Ed. Colleges of West Bengal](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/quality-assurance-and-academic-standards-in-private-b-ed-colleges-of-west-bengal/): Author: Debdatta Maity DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400028 Abstract: Quality assurance and academic standards are central to the effectiveness of teacher education programmes offered by private B.Ed. colleges in West Bengal. These institutions play an important role in preparing future teachers, but maintaining consistent academic quality remains a major concern. This study aims to examine the existing quality assurance practices and academic standards followed by private B.Ed. colleges in the state. The study adopts a qualitative approach and is based on secondary sources such as accreditation reports, regulatory guidelines, policy documents, institutional records, and research literature related to teacher education. The study [&hellip;]
- [Subhas Chandra Bose’s Political Philosophy and Its Relevance in Twenty-FirstCentury India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/subhas-chandra-boses-political-philosophy-and-its-relevance-in-twenty-firstcentury-india/): Author: Shilpi Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400029 Abstract: Subhas Chandra Bose’s political philosophy, forged during India’s struggle for independence, focused on nationalism, self-reliance, and strong centralized leadership. His approach, which included advocating for armed resistance, economic autonomy, and unity among India’s diverse communities, was shaped by global political ideologies such as socialism, fascism, and anti-colonial nationalism. This study examines Bose’s political philosophy within the context of India’s freedom struggle, analyzing its core principles and leadership views. It also explores the influence of global political movements on his thinking and assesses the continuing relevance of his ideas in the twenty-first century. The [&hellip;]
- [Role of Soft Computing Techniques in Artificial Intelligence Systems](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/role-of-soft-computing-techniques-in-artificial-intelligence-systems/): Author: Shakya Singha Guria DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400030 Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has evolved from rule-based symbolic reasoning systems to highly adaptive learning models capable of solving complex, real-world problems. However, real-world environments are inherently uncertain, imprecise, nonlinear, and dynamic. Classical computational paradigms, often termed “hard computing,” rely on exact logic, binary truth values, and deterministic models that struggle under such imperfect conditions. Soft computing emerged as a powerful alternative paradigm designed to exploit tolerance for imprecision, uncertainty, and partial truth in order to achieve tractable, robust, and cost-effective solutions. This research article presents a comprehensive and analytically detailed exploration of [&hellip;]
- [Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s Political Philosophy: A Path to Equality and Justice](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/dr-b-r-ambedkars-political-philosophy-a-path-to-equality-and-justice/): Author: Uttam Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400031 Abstract: This study examines Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s political philosophy, particularly his views on the role of the state in safeguarding justice and equality, his advocacy for economic justice, and his contributions to global ideals of social justice. Ambedkar conceptualized the state as an essential force in addressing systemic inequalities, advocating for legal reforms, affirmative action, and state intervention in the economy to ensure justice for marginalized communities. His ideas not only transformed India’s social and political landscape but also resonated with global movements for human rights, equality, and social justice, influencing struggles against racial [&hellip;]
- [A Comparative Study of Traditional and Modern Methods in Bengali Language Teaching](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/a-comparative-study-of-traditional-and-modern-methods-in-bengali-language-teaching/): Author: Rajkumar Bhunia DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400032 Abstract: The teaching of Bengali (Bangla) language has undergone significant transformation over the past two centuries. From the classical grammar-translation approach rooted in colonial educational structures to contemporary communicative and technology-enhanced pedagogies, Bengali language instruction reflects broader shifts in linguistic theory, sociopolitical contexts, and technological advancement. This research article presents a comprehensive comparative study of traditional and modern methods in Bengali language teaching. It examines historical foundations, pedagogical principles, classroom practices, curriculum design, assessment models, teacher roles, learner engagement, sociolinguistic considerations, and the integration of digital tools. Drawing from linguistic theory, educational psychology, and [&hellip;]
- [Patriarchy and Power: Recognizing Women’s Obstacles in Political Leadership](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/patriarchy-and-power-recognizing-womens-obstacles-in-political-leadership/): Author: Dr. Ajija Sultana DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400033 Abstract: Gender equality and democratic governance depend on women’s involvement in political leadership. Despite significant progress in women’s political representation across the world, women leaders continue to face structural, institutional, and socio-cultural barriers rooted in patriarchal systems. With a focus on patriarchal norms, gender stereotypes, restricted access to political resources, political violence, and media bias, this article explores the difficulties faced by women in political leadership. The report contends that while women’s numerical participation has increased due to laws like gender quotas and reservation systems, true political empowerment is still hampered by deeply [&hellip;]
- [Teaching Competencies among Teachers of Siliguri at the Secondary Level](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/teaching-competencies-among-teachers-of-siliguri-at-the-secondary-level/): Author: Samten Tamang DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400034 Abstract: Intellectual ability is undoubtedly an important factor in predicting teacher’s success. However, just possessing high level of intelligence, high academic and educational qualifications are not entirely indicative of the teacher’s success in teaching profession. Rather, skills and teaching competency are essential ingredients to be professional teacher. A teacher’s competency in 21st century according to UNESCO (2008) is that a competent teacher should have firm knowledge of the curriculum of his/her subject and to use technology into the curriculum. Teaching competency refers to the knowledge, attitude, skills and self perception that come from by [&hellip;]
- [Preserving Cultural Identity: The Role of Folk Traditions in Sustaining Heritage](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/preserving-cultural-identity-the-role-of-folk-traditions-in-sustaining-heritage/): Author: Shibaji Roy DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400035 Abstract: Cultural identity is an essential component of human societies, reflecting shared values, beliefs, customs, and traditions passed down through generations. Folk traditions—such as oral narratives, music, dance, rituals, festivals, crafts, and social practices—serve as vital carriers of cultural heritage. In the contemporary era marked by globalization, urbanization, and technological advancement, many traditional practices face the risk of disappearance. This research article explores the role of folk traditions in preserving cultural identity and sustaining heritage across generations. It examines how these traditions contribute to community cohesion, historical continuity, and social values. The article also [&hellip;]
- [Mobile Learning Apps in STEM Education: Impact on Student Engagement and Learning Outcomes](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mobile-learning-apps-in-stem-education-impact-on-student-engagement-and-learning-outcomes/): Author: Indumoti Bhattacharya DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400036 Abstract: The integration of mobile learning (m-learning) applications in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education has gained significant momentum, especially in the post-pandemic digital era. This study investigates the impact of mobile learning apps on student engagement and learning outcomes at various educational levels. Utilizing document analysis as the primary methodology, the research synthesizes findings from scholarly articles, case studies, and empirical data spanning the last decade. The analysis reveals that mobile apps contribute positively to enhancing students’ motivation, interactivity, personalized learning, and performance in STEM subjects. However, the study also highlights challenges [&hellip;]
- [Integrating ICT Tools to Enhance Reading, Writing, and Vocabulary Skills among Upper Primary School Students](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/integrating-ict-tools-to-enhance-reading-writing-and-vocabulary-skills-among-upper-primary-school-students/): Author: Arpita Dey Hazra DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400037 Abstract: The present study focuses on the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools to enhance reading, writing, and vocabulary skills among upper primary school students. In the present educational scenario, digital technology has become an important support system for classroom teaching and learning. Traditional language teaching methods often fail to engage students actively, especially at the upper primary level where learners require motivation, interaction, and exposure to varied learning resources. ICT tools such as educational videos, digital storybooks, language learning applications, interactive worksheets, and online dictionaries provide rich learning experiences and [&hellip;]
- [Mutual Funds Versus Traditional Investment Options: A Study of Retail Investors in Ranchi](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mutual-funds-versus-traditional-investment-options-a-study-of-retail-investors-in-ranchi/): Author: Jayant Kumar DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400038 Abstract: The present study examines the investment preferences, risk-return perceptions, andawareness levels of retail investors in Ranchi, Jharkhand, with specific reference to mutual funds and traditional investment avenues such as bank fixed deposits, post office schemes, gold, and life insurance. Using a structured questionnaire administered to 200 retail investors through purposive and convenience sampling, the study employs descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. Findings reveal that despite the growing national momentum of mutual funds—India&#8217;s AUM touching ₹72.20 trillion in May 2025—traditional instruments continue to dominate the preference landscape of retail investors in Ranchi. Bank fixed [&hellip;]
- [Gandhian Political Thought in Contemporary India: Relevance and Challenges](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/gandhian-political-thought-in-contemporary-india-relevance-and-challenges/): Author: Bikram Sarkar DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400039 Abstract: The political philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi continues to occupy a significant place in the discourse on Indian political thought, offering a moral and ethical framework rooted in truth (Satya), non-violence (Ahimsa), and self-rule (Swaraj). This article examines the relevance of Gandhian political thought in contemporary India, particularly in the context of increasing socio-political conflicts, economic inequalities, and governance challenges. It argues that Gandhi’s emphasis on decentralized governance, participatory democracy, and ethical leadership provides valuable insights for addressing present-day issues such as corruption, environmental degradation, and social injustice. However, the study also critically analyzes [&hellip;]
- [Mountains, Forests, and Memory: Ecology in Ruskin Bond’s Hill Stories](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mountains-forests-and-memory-ecology-in-ruskin-bonds-hill-stories/): Author: Rony Bhowal DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400040 Abstract: Ruskin Bond’s literary oeuvre, deeply rooted in the Himalayan landscape, offers a profound engagement with nature, memory, and ecological consciousness. This research article explores the ecological dimensions of Bond’s hill stories, focusing on how mountains and forests are not merely settings but active agents shaping human experience and identity. Through an ecocritical framework, the study examines the interconnectedness between humans and the natural world in Bond’s narratives, highlighting themes such as environmental harmony, loss of biodiversity, nostalgia, and ecological degradation. The paper also investigates the role of memory in constructing a sense of [&hellip;]
- [Inter Sectionality in the Indian Context: Voices from Dalit Women Writers](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/inter-sectionality-in-the-indian-context-voices-from-dalit-women-writers/): Author: Soma Jash DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400041 Abstract: Kimberlé Crenshaw created the idea of intersectionality, which offers a crucial framework for examining oppressive systems that overlap. The daily realities of Dalit women in India are shaped by a complex matrix of caste and gender. This essay explores the ways in which a few Dalit feminist authors—Bama, UrmilaPawar, Baby Kamble, Sivakami, and GoguShyamala—use their writing to express intersectional realities. The study makes the case that Dalit feminist writing broadens the definition of mainstream feminism by emphasizing caste as a key axis of power through an analysis of autobiographical narratives and fiction. The [&hellip;]
- [Role of Artificial Intelligence in Promoting Education for Sustainable Development in Higher Education Institutions](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/role-of-artificial-intelligence-in-promoting-education-for-sustainable-development-in-higher-education-institutions/): Author: Avishek Khanra DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400042 Abstract: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Higher Education has emerged as a transformative force with significant implications for promoting Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). This study critically examines the role of AI in enhancing sustainability-oriented teaching–learning processes i.e. Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Adopting a qualitative and analytical research design, the study is based on an extensive review of secondary sources, including peerreviewed journal articles, policy documents and academic reports. The findings reveal that AI offers substantial potential in advancing ESD through personalized learning, improved accessibility [&hellip;]
- [Impact of Cultural Diversity on the Educational System in India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/impact-of-cultural-diversity-on-the-educational-system-in-india/): Author: Tarak Nath Bhunia &amp; Dr. Arun Maity DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400043 Abstract: Culture within a society develops gradually over time through continuous interaction between people, their natural environment, and the social norms they construct. It is further enriched when individuals from diverse social backgrounds coexist and engage with one another. Culture encompasses both tangible (material) and intangible (nonmaterial) elements. Variations in habitat, shaped by specific ecological settings, lead to diversity in housing patterns, including differences in construction materials, size, design, and architectural features adapted to climatic conditions, as well as the systems of movement and connectivity available within those environments. [&hellip;]
- [Artificial Intelligence Integration in the Context of National Education Policy 2020:Effects on Occupational Stress and Job Performance of Primary Teachers](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/artificial-intelligence-integration-in-the-context-of-national-education-policy-2020effects-on-occupational-stress-and-job-performance-of-primary-teachers/): Author: Dr. Ashis Sahoo DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400044 Abstract: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in primary education under India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 presents both opportunities and challenges for teachers. This study investigates the effects of AI adoption on occupational stress and job performance among 150 primary school teachers from rural and urban schools. Using a descriptive and correlational research design, data were collected through standardized occupational stress and job performance scales, supplemented by semi-structured interviews. Findings reveal a moderately strong negative correlation between occupational stress and job performance (r = -0.58, p &lt; 0.01), indicating that higher stress [&hellip;]
- [Gendered Spaces: Examining Spatial Inequalities in Urban India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/gendered-spaces-examining-spatial-inequalities-in-urban-india/): Author: Shyamsundar Sau DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400045 Abstract: Urban spaces are often perceived as neutral arenas of development, opportunity, and modernity. However, a closer geographical and sociological examination reveals that cities are deeply structured by gendered power relations that shape how individuals access, use, and experience space. In the context of urban India, spatial inequalities manifest through disparities in mobility, safety, employment opportunities, and access to public and private spaces. This research article critically explores the concept of gendered spaces, tracing how historical, cultural, economic, and institutional factors contribute to unequal spatial experiences for men and women. It examines the intersections [&hellip;]
- [Breaking Stereotypes: The Role of Community Support in Women Empowerment](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/breaking-stereotypes-the-role-of-community-support-in-women-empowerment/): Author: Ruma Manna DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400046 Abstract: Women empowerment is a multifaceted phenomenon encompassing social, economic, political, and psychological dimensions. Despite significant advancements in gender equality, entrenched stereotypes and societal norms continue to constrain women’s full potential. Community support, as a mechanism of collective influence, has emerged as a critical factor in enabling women to challenge traditional roles, access resources, and assert autonomy in various spheres of life. This research article explores the interplay between community support and women empowerment, emphasizing the ways in which communal networks, social capital, and collective initiatives can dismantle stereotypes, foster resilience, and promote agency. [&hellip;]
- [Role of Memory and Attention in Academic Success: An Educational Psychology Perspective](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/role-of-memory-and-attention-in-academic-success-an-educational-psychology-perspective/): Author: Sibaprasad Maity DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400047 Abstract: Memory and attention are central cognitive processes that significantly influence learning outcomes, academic performance, and overall educational achievement. This study explores the intricate interplay between memory and attention, their role in information acquisition, retention, and retrieval, and their impact on student success across educational contexts. Through a descriptive and exploratory approach, the research synthesizes findings from educational psychology, cognitive science, and classroom practices to provide a holistic understanding of how these cognitive functions underpin learning. The article emphasizes theoretical frameworks, practical implications for teaching, and strategies for enhancing memory and attention, aiming to [&hellip;]
- [Cultural Identity and Globalization: Youth Perspectives in Multicultural Societies](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/cultural-identity-and-globalization-youth-perspectives-in-multicultural-societies/): Author: Dr. Nilmoni Saha Roy DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400048 Abstract: The contemporary world is characterized by unprecedented interconnectivity, rapid technological advancement, and the expansion of global networks, collectively encapsulated in the term “globalization.” While globalization facilitates economic growth, cross-cultural exchange, and access to knowledge, it simultaneously poses complex challenges to cultural identity, particularly among youth navigating multicultural societies. This research article explores how young people perceive, negotiate, and reconstruct their cultural identities in the context of globalization. Drawing upon sociological, psychological, and anthropological perspectives, the study examines the interplay between local traditions, global cultural flows, media influence, migration, and social interactions. [&hellip;]
- [From Utopia to Dystopia: Ethical Consequences of Posthumanism in Margaret Atwood’s Fiction](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/from-utopia-to-dystopia-ethical-consequences-of-posthumanism-in-margaret-atwoods-fiction/): Author: Abdul Wadud DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400049 Abstract: The transition from utopian aspiration to dystopian reality constitutes a central trajectory in posthumanist discourse, particularly within speculative fiction. The works of Margaret Atwood, especially Oryx and Crake, The Year of the Flood, and MaddAddam, collectively known as the MaddAddam Trilogy, present a profound exploration of how utopian ambitions grounded in scientific progress and posthumanist ideals devolve into dystopian outcomes. This article examines the ethical consequences of posthumanism in Atwood’s fiction, arguing that the pursuit of technological perfection, environmental control, and human enhancement ultimately destabilizes moral frameworks, erodes empathy, and leads to ecological [&hellip;]
- [Literature as a Pedagogical Tool: Enhancing Critical Thinking in Education](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/literature-as-a-pedagogical-tool-enhancing-critical-thinking-in-education/): Author: Dr. Mriganka Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020400050 Abstract: In contemporary education, the cultivation of critical thinking has become a central objective, reflecting the growing demand for learners who can analyze, interpret, and respond thoughtfully to complex global challenges. Literature, as a dynamic and multifaceted discipline, plays a crucial role in fostering these higher-order thinking skills. This research article explores the use of literature as a pedagogical tool to enhance critical thinking across educational contexts. It examines theoretical foundations, pedagogical approaches, classroom practices, and the transformative potential of literary texts in shaping analytical, reflective, and empathetic learners. Drawing from interdisciplinary perspectives [&hellip;]
- [Professional Development in Multicultural Workplaces: Navigating Diversity And Inclusion](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/professional-development-in-multicultural-workplaces-navigating-diversity-and-inclusion/): Author: Arijit Bera &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300001 Abstract: Professional development in multicultural workplaces is a critical component of fostering diversity, inclusion, and organizational growth. As globalization reshapes workforce demographics, organizations increasingly recognize diversity not merely as a demographic reality but as a source of innovation, creativity, and competitive advantage. Inclusive professional development programs go beyond traditional skill-building to emphasize cultural empathy, intercultural communication, and equity in career advancement. However, achieving this vision is complex, as cultural differences, structural barriers, and systemic inequalities often hinder progress. Research highlights the importance of cultural intelligence (CQ) as a key competency [&hellip;]
- [A Theoretical Study on Socio-Economic and Familial Influences on Tribal Girls’ Education](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/a-theoretical-study-on-socio-economic-and-familial-influences-on-tribal-girls-education/): Author: Asim Mahata &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300002 Abstract: The education of tribal girls represents one of the most pressing challenges in the pursuit of equitable and inclusive education systems in India. Despite significant policy reforms and constitutional safeguards, tribal communities continue to experience widespread educational deprivation due to structural inequalities, cultural marginalization, and entrenched socio-economic barriers. This theoretical study explores the interconnectedness of socio-economic status (SES) and familial dynamics in shaping the educational experiences and outcomes of tribal girls, with a particular focus on the secondary level. Drawing upon sociological theories, gender studies, and education research, it [&hellip;]
- [Smart Learning Ecosystems: ICT-Driven Innovations for the Future of Education](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/smart-learning-ecosystems-ict-driven-innovations-for-the-future-of-education/): Author: Bidhan Pakhira DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300003 Abstract: Smart Learning Ecosystems (SLEs) represent a transformative approach to education, integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) innovations to create learner-centered, adaptive, and collaborative environments. This study explores the conceptual framework, theoretical underpinnings, and pedagogical implications of SLEs, emphasizing how digital learning platforms, artificial intelligence, immersive technologies, and mobile learning facilitate personalized learning, continuous assessment, and real-time feedback. By leveraging data-driven insights and interactive tools, SLEs enhance student engagement, motivation, and knowledge retention while promoting inclusivity and equitable access to education. The study also examines the role of SLEs in fostering lifelong learning, critical [&hellip;]
- [Mobile Learning and Microlearning: Redefining Learning Experiences in the Digital Age](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/mobile-learning-and-microlearning-redefining-learning-experiences-in-the-digital-age/): Author: Pinaki Barmon &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300004 Abstract: Mobile learning (m-learning) and microlearning are revolutionizing education by offering flexible, personalized, and accessible learning experiences tailored to the demands of the digital age. This study examines the principles, integration, benefits, and challenges of these innovative approaches, emphasizing their transformative potential in reshaping traditional education systems. Mobile learning leverages smartphones, tablets, and other portable devices to enable learning anytime and anywhere, while microlearning delivers concise, targeted content designed to enhance engagement, retention, and practical application. Together, these strategies promote learner autonomy, bridge geographical and socio-economic gaps, and foster lifelong [&hellip;]
- [Impact of Flood Hazards on Livelihood in the Sundarbans: A Geographical Perspective](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/impact-of-flood-hazards-on-livelihood-in-the-sundarbans-a-geographical-perspective/): Author: Khurshida Katun DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300005 Abstract: The Sundarbans of West Bengal had been recognized as one of the most flood-prone regions in India due to its unique geographical setting and ecological fragility. The area had frequently experienced tidal surges, embankment breaches, cyclonic storms, and heavy monsoonal rainfall, which had severely affected local communities. The present study had been undertaken to investigate the impact of flood hazards on livelihoods in the Sundarbans, particularly in the South 24 Parganas district. A structured questionnaire survey had been administered among 200 respondents across Gosaba, Basanti, and Sagar blocks. Data had been analyzed using [&hellip;]
- [Impact of Socio-Cultural Factors on Education among Jharkhand’s Janajati Populations](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/impact-of-socio-cultural-factors-on-education-among-jharkhands-janajati-populations/): Author: Dr. Santanu Biswas DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300006 Abstract: This study examined the impact of socio-cultural factors on educational outcomes among Jharkhand’s major Janajati populations, including Santhal, Munda, Oraon, Ho, Kharia, Birhor, and Bedia communities. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through household surveys, interviews, and secondary sources to assess literacy rates, dropout patterns, and the influence of cultural, economic, and gender-based variables. Results indicated that cultural beliefs, gender roles, language barriers, early marriage, child labor, and seasonal migration significantly contributed to educational inequality. Statistical analysis revealed positive correlations between dropout rates and both child labor and early marriage prevalence, [&hellip;]
- [Equity in Teacher Education: Bridging the Digital Divide through ICT](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/equity-in-teacher-education-bridging-the-digital-divide-through-ict/): Author: Dr. Moumita Mitra DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300007 Abstract: Equity in teacher education has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century, as rapid technological advancement continues to reshape the landscape of teaching and learning. While Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has created unprecedented opportunities for knowledge sharing, collaborative learning, and global access to educational resources, it has also exacerbated inequalities between individuals and institutions with unequal access to technology. This research article critically explores how teacher education programs can address inequities by integrating ICT in ways that foster inclusion, empowerment, and transformative learning experiences. Drawing on [&hellip;]
- [Philosophical Theism in Historical And Contemporary Thought](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/philosophical-theism-in-historical-and-contemporary-thought/): Author: Shiuli Mishra &amp; Dr. Sanjay Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300008 Abstract: Philosophical theism, the rational exploration of God’s existence and nature, represents one of the most enduring and profound inquiries in intellectual history. Rooted in ancient philosophical traditions, it examines the divine not solely through revelation or religious dogma but through reason, logic, and metaphysical reflection. From Plato and Aristotle’s foundational concepts of a Prime Mover and ultimate reality to medieval scholastic synthesis in Aquinas’s proofs of God, philosophical theism has evolved alongside cultural, scientific, and intellectual shifts. The Enlightenment further emphasized rational autonomy, with thinkers such as Immanuel Kant [&hellip;]
- [Modern Education And Social Isolation: An In-Depth Analysis](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/modern-education-and-social-isolation-an-in-depth-analysis/): Author: Sourav Maity &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300009 Abstract: The relationship between modern education and social isolation is both intricate and multifaceted, reflecting the rapid transformation of teaching methodologies, the digital revolution, and the shifting dynamics of interpersonal relationships. Modern education, characterized by technological integration, standardized assessment systems, and increasing academic competition, has undoubtedly improved access to knowledge and enhanced learning opportunities. However, these advancements have also contributed to unintended consequences, including heightened individualism, emotional disconnect, and isolation among students and educators alike. This research article explores the deep-rooted connections between modern education and social isolation, drawing on [&hellip;]
- [Ancient Indian Education: A Comprehensive Philosophical Study](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/ancient-indian-education-a-comprehensive-philosophical-study/): Author: Uttam Kumar Jana &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300010 Abstract: Ancient Indian education represents one of the most sophisticated and enduring intellectual traditions of human civilization. Rooted in profound philosophical inquiry, it emerged as a unique blend of spiritual wisdom, ethical reflection, and practical knowledge. Unlike modern systems that often emphasize technical specialization, ancient Indian education aimed at holistic self-development—shaping character, nurturing intellect, and promoting harmony between the individual, society, and nature. Drawing insights from the Vedas, Upanishads, Smritis, Buddhist and Jain scriptures, and historical records of institutions such as Takshashila and Nalanda, this study explores the philosophical [&hellip;]
- [Seasonal Variation of Water Quality in Ichamati River at Basirhat Region](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/seasonal-variation-of-water-quality-in-ichamati-river-at-basirhat-region/): Author: Subharaj Paul &amp; Dr. Koomkoom Khawas DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300011 Abstract: This study investigates the seasonal variation of water quality in the Ichamati River at Basirhat, a transboundary river system that sustains farming, fishing, domestic use, and small-scale industries. The ecological health of the river is vital for livelihoods, yet it is increasingly threatened by anthropogenic pressures and natural fluctuations. To evaluate its physico-chemical dynamics, water samples were collected monthly from three zones—upstream (Zone 1), midstream (Zone 2), and downstream (Zone 3)—between February 2022 and February 2023. Parameters including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen [&hellip;]
- [Socio-Economic Status and Access to Extracurricular Resources: It’s Impact on the Holistic Development of College-Going Adolescents](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/socio-economic-status-and-access-to-extracurricular-resources-its-impact-on-the-holistic-development-of-college-going-adolescents/): Author: Mamata Sahay &amp; Dr. Shamma Chakraborty DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300012 Abstract: This study examines the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and access to extracurricular resources and their combined impact on the holistic development of college-going adolescents. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach, the research analyzes data collected through surveys, focus group discussions, and institutional records from a sample of 300 students across diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Findings reveal that students from higher SES families demonstrate significantly greater access to extracurricular activities such as sports, arts, and skill-based programs, contributing positively to their cognitive, emotional, and social growth. Conversely, students from lower SES [&hellip;]
- [Technology as a Pedagogical Tool: Redefining Education through ICT](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/technology-as-a-pedagogical-tool-redefining-education-through-ict/): Author: Dr. Niladri Sekhar Dara DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300013 Abstract: Technology has redefined education by integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into teaching and learning, transforming classrooms into dynamic, inclusive, and learner-centered ecosystems. ICT tools enable teachers to transition from knowledge transmitters to facilitators, fostering digital literacy, critical thinking, and creativity. By providing personalized learning pathways, improving accessibility for marginalized and differently-abled learners, and enhancing global collaboration, ICT bridges gaps in educational access and quality. Initiatives like India’s DIKSHA platform, Khan Academy, and the African Girls Can Code Programme exemplify the transformative power of technology in addressing socioeconomic disparities and preparing [&hellip;]
- [Teacher Education for Equity And Social Justice: A Critical Review](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/teacher-education-for-equity-and-social-justice-a-critical-review/): Author: Dr. Sarbani Sinharay DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300014 Abstract: Teacher education is increasingly recognized as a crucial site for addressing issues of equity and social justice in contemporary education systems. This study critically reviews the role of teacher preparation in equipping educators to respond to diverse classrooms shaped by caste, class, gender, language, disability, and rural–urban disparities. Drawing on theoretical perspectives such as critical pedagogy, culturally relevant teaching, and democratic education, the paper examines how teacher education can move beyond technical training to foster critical reflection and social transformation. Globally, teacher education for social justice manifests in varied contexts, from multicultural [&hellip;]
- [Role of Long-Chain Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Modulating Membrane Fluidity And Cellular Signalling](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/role-of-long-chain-hydroxy-fatty-acids-in-modulating-membrane-fluidity-and-cellular-signalling/): Author: Tokon Das &amp; Dr. Koomkoom Khawas DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300015 Abstract: Triacyl glycerides and phospholipids are examples of more complex lipids that include natural fatty acids; these lipids provide structural and energy storage functions in cells. So, fatty acids, both synthetic and natural, have the potential to influence cell signaling via influencing lipid membrane structure, microdomain organization, and other physical features. Membrane lipid therapy is an approach that aims to regulate the of cell membranes by means of medication delivery, which may reverse pathogenic processes by means of structural re-adaptation of cell membranes. Membrane phospholipids’ biophysical characteristics and activities are [&hellip;]
- [Seasonal Variations of Zooplankton Diversity in Freshwater Aquatic Bodies in Sub-Urban West Bengal](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/seasonal-variations-of-zooplankton-diversity-in-freshwater-aquatic-bodies-in-sub-urban-west-bengal/): Author: Sibendu Dutta &amp; Dr. Koomkoom Khawas DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300016 Abstract: Zoo plankton connect primary producers to higher trophic levels and are sensitive bio-indicators of environmental health in freshwater environments. This study studies seasonal zooplankton diversity in suburban Kolkata ponds in Birati, New Barrackpore, Madhyamgram, and Panihati to determine how climatic rhythms, ecological adaptations, and anthropogenic pressures affect community dynamics. Monthly sampling at numerous locations in each pond showed seasonal changes in Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda, Ostracoda, and Protozoa abundance and composition. Rotifers, especially Brachionus species, increased in winter due to their adaptability to nitrogen enrichment and lower temperatures. Cladocerans like [&hellip;]
- [A Study of Attitude of Primary School Teachers towards the Use of Technology and Its Role in Shaping Inclusive Classroom Environment in 21st Century](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/a-study-of-attitude-of-primary-school-teachers-towards-the-use-of-technology-and-its-role-in-shaping-inclusive-classroom-environment-in-21st-century/): Author: Atanu Kalindi , Mr. Somnath Singh &amp; Dr. Pankaj Kumar Paul DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300017 Abstract: The present research was undertaken to explore the attitude of primary school teachers towards the use of technology and its role in shaping the 21st century inclusive classroom environment. For this motive total 120 teachers from primary schools of west bengal are selected as a sample of this study by purposive method of sampling technique. In this study researcher utilized descriptive survey method. For collect the riquesite data from the targeted sample researcher utilize a self made standardized questionnaire. The outcome demonstrated that according [&hellip;]
- [Innovative Teaching Strategies for Better Student Engagement and Tips of Implementation](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/innovative-teaching-strategies-for-better-student-engagement-and-tips-of-implementation/): Author: Jannatul Saheli DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300018 Abstract: The growing demand for dynamic, learner-centred education in the 21st century highlights the need for innovative teaching strategies that foster deeper student engagement and meaningful learning outcomes. This study explores the role of innovative pedagogical practices—such as flipped classrooms, gamification, project-based learning, collaborative learning, inquiry-based approaches, and technology integration—in enhancing behavioural, emotional, and cognitive engagement among students. Conducted through a qualitative document analysis of peer-reviewed literature, the study synthesizes existing evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies and provide practical tips for successful implementation. Findings reveal that innovative methods not only increase [&hellip;]
- [MGNREGA and Migration: Does It Reduce Rural-to-Urban Migration?](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/teaching-effectiveness-of-teacher-educators-in-gangtok/): Author: Subrata Malick DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300019 Abstract: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was enacted as a social security scheme to ensure wagebased employment and improve rural livelihoods. Reducing distress in rural-to-urban migration is one of its expected outcomes by providing a secure source of income in villages. This research analyzes the impact of MGNREGA on migration trends in India, with an emphasis on its strengths and weaknesses. Employing a mixed-methods design, the study examines secondary data in the form of government reports and migration surveys and integrates primary data using field interviews and case studies. The [&hellip;]
- [A Study on the Impact of Educational And Social Adjustment on the Mental Health of Secondary School Students](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/a-study-on-the-impact-of-educational-and-social-adjustment-on-the-mental-health-of-secondary-school-students-2/): Author: Archana Kumari &amp; Dr. Reena Mahto DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300020 Abstract: Maintaining social harmony, social adjustment, and inner peace are all crucial when adjusting to society. As a result, adjustment keeps the nation, community, and schools peaceful and harmonious. One way to characterize social adjustment is as a psychological process. It usually entails adapting to new norms and principles. Adjustment, to use the precise jargon of psychology, is the best way to get along with a member of society. Harmonious peer relationships, a correct awareness of social needs, and adherence to social norms at home, at school, and in society [&hellip;]
- [Embodied Resistance: Dalit Women, Subaltern Politics, and the Quest for Justice](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/a-study-on-the-impact-of-educational-and-social-adjustment-on-the-mental-health-of-secondary-school-students/): Author: Barun Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300021 Abstract: This paper explores the multifaceted ways in which Dalit women embody resistance against caste and gender oppression, situating their struggles within the broader framework of subaltern politics. By examining everyday practices, literature, and collective mobilization, it highlights how Dalit women transform marginality into political subjectivity. Labor, cultural expression, and testimony against sexual violence emerge as crucial arenas where resistance is enacted and sustained. Autobiographical writings such as Bama’s Karukku, Baby Kamble’s The Prisons We Broke, and Urmila Pawar’s The Weave of My Life demonstrate how lived experiences become counter-histories, challenging both Brahmanical patriarchy [&hellip;]
- [Teachers’ Participation in Professional Development Activities: Determinants and Impact on Classroom Practice](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/teachers-participation-in-professional-development-activities-determinants-and-impact-on-classroom-practice/): Author: Gouranga Ghorai DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300022 Abstract: Professional development (PD) is recognized as a cornerstone of educational improvement, directly influencing teaching quality and student learning outcomes. Teachers’ participation in PD activities, however, is often inconsistent and influenced by multiple factors, including individual motivation, institutional support, resource availability, and perceived relevance of the training. This research article investigates the determinants that drive teachers to engage in professional development and examines the impact of such participation on classroom practices. Drawing on extensive literature, empirical evidence, and theoretical frameworks such as adult learning theory, social cognitive theory, and the professional growth model, the [&hellip;]
- [Political Participation and Leadership Patterns among Tribal Communities in Lohardaga, Jharkhand](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/political-participation-and-leadership-patterns-among-tribal-communities-in-lohardaga-jharkhand/): Author: Pratik Kumar Verma DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300023 Abstract: This study explores the political participation and leadership patterns of tribal communities in Lohardaga district, Jharkhand, focusing on the extent of engagement, socio-economic and cultural influences, and emerging leadership structures. Employing a descriptive survey method, data were collected from 300 tribal respondents using a selfmade structured questionnaire covering voting behavior, political awareness, socio-economic factors, and leadership patterns. The findings reveal that tribal communities demonstrate substantial participation in electoral processes and local governance, with education, occupation, gender, and adherence to traditional practices significantly influencing their political engagement. The study also highlights the predominance [&hellip;]
- [Influence of Physical Fitness among Athlete And Non-Athlete in College Students at W.B.](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/influence-of-physical-fitness-among-athlete-and-non-athlete-incollege-students-at-w-b/): Author: Soumen Ghorai DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300024 Abstract: This study examines how athletic activity affects students’ long-term health and wellness as well as their physical and mental health and entire college experience. Data from a sample of college students was gathered using standardized questionnaires and fitness tests as part of a pure quantitative study design. According to the results, kids who play sports have much higher levels of physical fitness than their nonathletic counterparts, especially in the areas of muscular strength, flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance. Athletes also expressed more life satisfaction and decreased levels of stress and worry. Playing sports also [&hellip;]
- [Impact of Life Skill Education And Adjustment on Students’ Academic Achievement at Senior Secondary Students](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/impact-of-life-skill-education-and-adjustment-on-students-academic-achievement-at-senior-secondary-students/): Author: Sony Kumari &amp; Dr. Reena Mahto DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300025 Abstract: With an emphasis on how life skills training impacts students’ capacity to handle academic obstacles, adjust to school environments, and achieve academic success, this study explores the influence of life skills on the educational adjustment of students in central India. Data was collected from a varied student sample using a mixed-methods approach that included questionnaires and interviews in order to examine the relationship between the development of life skills and educational adjustment. The findings show a strong relationship between kids’ academic achievement, attendance, and general wellbeing at school and [&hellip;]
- [The Role of Aerobic Exercise in Promoting Holistic Wellbeing: A Modern Perspective](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-role-of-aerobic-exercise-in-promoting-holistic-wellbeing-a-modern-perspective/): Author: Dipankar Malas DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300026 Abstract: In an age characterized by sedentary lifestyles, technological immersion, and rising chronic health disorders, aerobic exercise has emerged as a cornerstone of holistic wellbeing. This article explores the multifaceted role of aerobic exercise in enhancing physical, mental, emotional, and social dimensions of human health. Drawing upon contemporary empirical studies and theoretical perspectives, it argues that aerobic exercise not only strengthens the cardiovascular and respiratory systems but also influences neurocognitive function, mood regulation, social integration, and self-concept. The discussion integrates physiological evidence with psychological and sociocultural insights, presenting aerobic exercise as a holistic intervention [&hellip;]
- [Effect of Classroom Learning Conditions on Students’ Academic Achievement at Secondary Level Stage](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/effect-of-classroom-learning-conditions-on-students-academic-achievement-at-secondary-level-stage/): Author: Hukumdev Kumar &amp; Dr. Reena Mahto DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300027 Abstract: In addition to being a crucial metric for assessing students’ quality, academic achievement and enthusiasm in learning are also the main areas of concentration for instruction and learning. The development of people’s learning activities and other factors greatly depends on their level of interest. It is one of the main factors influencing students’ motivation to learn and their growth as learners. Therefore, investigating how middle school kids’ learning interests affect their academic achievement is quite important. This essay will examine the elements that affect middle school kids’ interest in [&hellip;]
- [Influence of Painting on Cutting Boards in Terms of the Principles of Fine Arts at School Students](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/influence-of-painting-on-cutting-boards-in-terms-of-the-principles-of-fine-arts-at-school-students/): Author: Raghvendra Nishad DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300028 Abstract: School students often need to comprehend dimensions and spatial relationships in order to complete art and craft projects. They are learning to make sense of the physical environment, whether they are creating a collage or sketching a picture. Their cognitive and spatial abilities, which are essential for academic achievement, can be improved by this interaction with spatial aspects. Children learn how tiny parts fit together to form a whole when they work on mosaics and cutting board or collages. In addition to strengthening fine motor skills, this kind of problem-solving exercise young children [&hellip;]
- [Differences in Emotional Adjustment Between Technical And Paramedical College Sportspersons](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/differences-in-emotional-adjustment-between-technical-and-paramedical-college-sportspersons/): Author: Kanchan Gautam Ingle &amp; Dr. Sanjay M. Madavi DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300029 Abstract: Every human being has the need for adjustment, which is distinguished by its uniqueness, dynamicity, pervasiveness, and necessity. The precise nature, extent, and quality of adjustment are determined by a variety of factors, including genetic endowment, socio-cultural context, and individual characteristics. Sports relationships are distinct and require various kinds of performance from athletes. The emotions are one of the most important adjustment stakeholders in the realm of sports and games. The goal of the current study was to provide insight into how gender and emotional adjustment influence [&hellip;]
- [The Role of Maternal and Paternal Involvement in Shaping Social Competence in School-Aged Children](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/the-role-of-maternal-and-paternal-involvement-in-shaping-social-competence-in-school-aged-children/): Author: Masiur Rahaman DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300030 Abstract: The complex link between parental participation and the maturation of children’s social skills is the subject of this study. The ability to communicate effectively, build rapport, and interact with others is called social competency. For a child’s development and success in the future, it is essential. This study employs a qualitative documentary research approach. One way that mothers assist their children develop emotional intelligence and empathy is by engaging in nurturing behaviours, providing emotional support, and communicating with them in an empathic manner. Dads are involved, it’s common for them to encourage their [&hellip;]
- [Educational Pathways and Career Outcomes: An Analytical Study of the Role of College Majors](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/educational-pathways-and-career-outcomes-an-analytical-study-of-the-role-of-college-majors/): Author: Henry Debajyoti Ghatak DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300031 Abstract: This study explores how college majors influence long-term career outcomes, focusing on the deeper meanings and motivations behind students’ academic choices. Using a qualitative research approach, the study investigates how students perceive the link between their chosen field of study and future professional success. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, the research uncovers the personal, social, and cultural factors that shape these decisions and their consequences.The findings reveal that students often select majors based on a mix of interest, perceived job stability, family expectations, and societal values. While some view their major [&hellip;]
- [Depression among the SC And ST Students at Higher Secondary Level in Motihari District](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/depression-among-the-sc-and-st-students-at-higher-secondary-level-in-motihari-district/): Author: Dr. Piyus Raj Prabhat DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300032 Abstract: As estimated by WHO, depression shall become the second largest illness in terms of morbidity by another decade in the world, already one out of every five women, and twelve men have depression.The objective of present cross-sectional survey-based study was to find out the existence of depression among SC and ST students in Jalpaiguri district. A total 426 number of adolescents’ response were collected with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) from high schools in both rural and urban areas. It was found that, the mean difference in between Rural and Urban areas [&hellip;]
- [Job Satisfaction of Higher Secondary School Teachers of Agartala](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/job-satisfaction-of-higher-secondary-school-teachers-of-agartala/): Author: Dr. Ratan Kumar Das DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300033 Abstract: Job satisfaction is defined as the, “pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job as achieving or facilitating the achievement of one’s job values.”Perceived satisfaction on the job is reflected by the needs of sense of fulfillment and expectation for the job to be interesting, challenging and personally satisfying. Job satisfaction is also an achievement indicator in career developmental tasks also job satisfaction has visibly evolved through the decades, but most versions share the belief that job satisfaction is a work-related positive affective reaction. Keywords: Job satisfaction, Attitude, Perceived [&hellip;]
- [Professionalism and Pedagogical Skills: An Analytical Study of School Teachers in Sikkim](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/professionalism-and-pedagogical-skills-an-analytical-study-of-school-teachers-in-sikkim/): Author: Sangeeta Kharga DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300034 Abstract: This study set out to examine how well-trained educators in Sikkim are able to impart knowledge to their pupils. A total of 215 secondary school teachers from both public and private institutions were chosen at random using a stratified sampling method to participate in this descriptive and analytical study. A two-part structured questionnaire measuring instructors’ pedagogical abilities and professionalism on a five-point Likert scale was used to gather data. Teachers’ degrees of professionalism and pedagogical competence varied significantly, according to the results. Teachers who exhibit greater levels of professional behaviour also tend to [&hellip;]
- [Spiritual Dimensions of the Indian Knowledge System and Human Well-being](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/spiritual-dimensions-of-the-indian-knowledge-system-and-human-well-being/): Author: Dr. Anirban Khatua DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300037 Abstract: The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) represents one of the most ancient and comprehensive intellectual traditions in the world. Rooted in philosophical, spiritual, and cultural practices developed over thousands of years, it provides a holistic understanding of life, consciousness, and human well-being. Unlike modern knowledge systems that often emphasize material progress and technological advancement, the Indian Knowledge System integrates spiritual wisdom with ethical living, mental discipline, and social harmony. The spiritual dimension of IKS plays a crucial role in shaping an individual’s inner life, guiding people toward self-realization, moral responsibility, and psychological balance. [&hellip;]
- [Coupled Effects of Salinity on Mangrove Flora in the Indian Sundarbans: Resilience, Functional Diversity, and Systematic Shifts](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/coupled-effects-of-salinity-on-mangrove-flora-in-the-indian-sundarbans-resilience-functional-diversity-and-systematic-shifts/): Author: Sanjay Kumar Samanta DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300038 Abstract: The Indian Sundarbans, a UNESCO World Heritage site and the largest contiguous mangrove ecosystem globally, faces an existential threat from escalating surface water and soil salinity. This study investigates the coupled effects of salinity on the physiological and structural dynamics of dominant mangrove flora between January 2023 and December 2025. Utilizing a multi-sectoral monitoring approach across the western, central, and eastern sectors, we assessed changes in Above Ground Biomass (AGB), species zonation, and foliar traits. Our findings reveal a significant decline in AGB for salinitysensitive species like Heritierafomes and Sonneratia apetala, alongside [&hellip;]
- [Environmental Drivers in Kanwar Lake Wetland: An Ecological Assessment](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/environmental-drivers-in-kanwar-lake-wetland-an-ecological-assessment/): Author: Krishna Kumar DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300039 Abstract: Wetland ecosystems were recognized as dynamic environments in which multiple environmental drivers interacted to influence ecological processes and biodiversity. Kanwar Lake (Kabartal Wetland), located in Begusarai District of Bihar, India, had been identified as a significant freshwater wetland and was designated a Ramsar site due to its ecological importance. However, increasing anthropogenic activities and climatic variability had affected the ecological stability of the wetland. The present study was conducted during 2023–2024 to assess major environmental drivers influencing the ecological condition of Kanwar Lake. Field observations and environmental parameter assessments were undertaken to examine [&hellip;]
- [Integrating Livelihood Capitals and Geospatial Determinants: A Multi-Method Analysis of Household Occupational Choices and Spatial Clustering in Ajodhya Hill, West Bengal, India](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/integrating-livelihood-capitals-and-geospatial-determinants-a-multi-method-analysis-of-household-occupational-choices-and-spatial-clustering-in-ajodhya-hill-west-bengal-india/): Author: Asad Ali Sarkar &amp; Sebak Kumar Jana DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300040 Abstract: This research investigates the socio-spatial determinants and distribution patterns of rural livelihood strategies in the tribal mountainous region of Ajodhya hill, West Bengal, India. The primary objective is to evaluate how capital endowments and geospatial constraints influence household choices among five distinct livelihood pathways: Labour-Dependent (45.19%), Cultivated (28.61%), Ecotourism (18.99%), Service (4.81%), and Business (2.40%). The methodology integrates the Entropy Weighting Method for objective capital evaluation with Multinomial Logistic Regression and multiscale spatial techniques, including Global Moran’s I, Nearest Neighbour Index, and the Geographical Detector method. Major findings [&hellip;]
- [Vision and Implementation of India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: A Critical Analysis](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/vision-and-implementation-of-indias-national-education-policy-nep-2020-acritical-analysis/): Author: Goutami Mondal DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300041 Abstract: India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 represents a landmark reform aimed at transforming the country’s education system to meet the demands of the twenty-first century. Replacing the long-standing National Policy on Education of 1986, NEP 2020 envisions an inclusive, equitable, and holistic framework that emphasizes quality, access, and lifelong learning. This article critically examines the vision and implementation of NEP 2020, focusing on its philosophical foundations, structural reforms, and policy objectives across school and higher education. It analyses key provisions such as multidisciplinary education, curricular flexibility, competency-based learning, teacher empowerment, digital integration, and [&hellip;]
- [A Study of Equity and Access in Indian School Education with Special Reference to Rural–Urban Disparities](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/a-study-of-equity-and-access-in-indian-school-education-with-special-reference-to-rural-urban-disparities/): Author: Dr. Bimal Mandal DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300042 Abstract: Equity and access in Indian school education remain pressing concerns, particularly when examining the persistent disparities between rural and urban contexts. Despite significant policy interventions and constitutional commitments to universal education, structural inequalities continue to shape students’ opportunities and outcomes. This study critically analyzes rural–urban disparities in school education in India, focusing on dimensions such as infrastructure, teacher availability, digital access, socio-economic conditions, and gender equity. Rural schools often face challenges of inadequate facilities, high pupil–teacher ratios, and limited exposure to technology, while urban schools benefit from better resources, diversified curricula, and [&hellip;]

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- [Volume- 2 ISSUE- 3](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/volume-2-issue-3/): ARCHIVES Download Content List Volume 2 &#8211; Issue 3 &#8211; September-2025 Volume 2 &#8211; Issue 3 &#8211; September -2025 Professional Development in Multicultural Workplaces: Navigating Diversity And Inclusion September 17, 2025 Volume2Issue3 Author: Arijit Bera &amp; Dr. Chaman Singh DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.70798/PP/020300001 Abstract: Professional development in multicultural workplaces is a critical component of fostering diversity, inclusion, and organizational growth. As globalization reshapes workforce demographics, organizations increasingly recognize diversity not merely as a demographic reality but as a source of innovation, creativity, and competitive advantage. Inclusive professional development programs go beyond traditional skill-building to emphasize cultural empathy, intercultural communication, and equity [&hellip;]
- [Volume- 2 ISSUE-2](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/volume-2-issue-2/): ARCHIVES Download Content List Volume 2 &#8211; Issue 2 &#8211; June-2025 Volume 2 &#8211; Issue 2 &#8211; June -2025 Teaching Effectiveness of Teacher Educators in Gangtok July 9, 2025 Volume2Issue2 Author: Brinda Rai Abstract: Intellectual ability is undoubtedly an important factor in predicting teacher’s success. However, just possessing high level of intelligence, high academic and educational qualifications are not entirely indicative of the teacher’s success in teaching profession. Rather, skills and teaching effectiveness are essential ingredients to be professional teacher. A teacher’s effectiveness in 21st century according to UNESCO (2008) is that an effective teacher should have firm knowledge of [&hellip;]
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- [Home](https://penandprosperity.vgcet.com/): Call For Paper Call For Article Volume 3 Issue 2 April 2026 Pen &amp; Prosperity (eISSN-3048-9555) INDEXED II OPEN ACCESS II PEER REVIEWED II REFEREED JOURNAL II SOCIAL SCIENCES II BI-MONTHLY ll SCHOLARLY II INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ll DOI: Prefix 10.7098 We are a Social Sciences journal; we welcome submissions from any and all areas of study in the following fields:  Social Science, Education, History, economics, Geography, Philosophy Political Science  and all branches of the Social Sciences. Submit Your Paper DOI: Prefix 10.7098 Open Access ISO Google Scholar 7.025 PUBLICATION PROCESS Fllow this steps and publish your Research Paper​ Current Issue [&hellip;]
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